Distributed sensing of earthquakes and ocean-solid Earth interactions on seafloor telecom cables

Sladen, Anthony; Rivet, Diane; Ampuero, J. P.; Barros, Louis De; Hello, Y.; Calbris, Gaëtan; Lamare, P.

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13793-z

Cited by 239 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Its recent applications to passive earthquake seismology have demonstrated the consistency between earthquake waveforms recorded by DAS and by conventional seismometers (e.g., Ajo-Franklin et al, 2019;Biondi et al, 2017;Lindsey et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018). DAS response has been shown to be broadband, even when using existing telecommunication infrastructure not deployed for seismic monitoring (e.g., Biondi et al, 2017;Jousset et al, 2018;Sladen et al, 2019;Yu et al, 2019). Finally, Yu et al (2019) showed it was possible to compute receiver functions by deconvolving vertical component velocity seismograms from DAS strain recordings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Seismic Site Characterization by Fiber‐Optic Seismology

et al. 2020

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Accurate ground motion prediction requires detailed site effect assessment, but in urban areas where such assessments are most important, geotechnical surveys are difficult to perform, limiting their availability. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) offers an appealing alternative by repurposing existing fiber‐optic cables, normally employed for telecommunication, as an array of seismic sensors. We present a proof‐of‐concept demonstration by using DAS to produce high‐resolution maps of the shallow subsurface with the Stanford DAS array, California. We describe new methods and their assumptions to assess H/V spectral ratio—a technique widely used to estimate the natural frequency of the soil—and to extract Rayleigh wave dispersion curves from ambient seismic field. These measurements are jointly inverted to provide models of shallow seismic velocities and sediment thicknesses above bedrock in central campus. The good agreement with an independent survey validates the methodology and demonstrates the power of DAS for microzonation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Seismic Site Characterization by Fiber‐Optic Seismology

et al. 2020

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“…Fibre-optical cables deployed on more homogeneous bedrock terranes may not suffer as much from high-amplitude shallow scattering. On the other hand, one of the main promises of DAS is its versatility in deployment conditions, with interesting deployment targets including "heterogeneous" environments such as urban areas (Dou et al, 2017;Fang et al, 2020) and submarine basins (Lindsey et al, 2019;Sladen et al, 2019). For many civil monitoring applications, such as traffic density monitoring (Liu et al, 2018) and vehicle tracking (Wiesmeyr et al, 2020), some of the issues pointed out in the previous section do not apply, as the signals of interest arrive at the DAS fibre at a shallow (or zero) inclination.…”

Section: Implications For Beamforming On Sparse and Dense Das Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1)). Since DAS on fibre-optic cables of several tens of kilometres in length has been demonstrated to be feasible (Lindsey et al, 2019;Sladen et al, 2019), these assumptions may break down for local and regional seismic sources. Moreover, for e.g.…”

Section: Implications For Beamforming On Sparse and Dense Das Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent emergence of fibre-optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS; Hartog, 2017;Zhan, 2020) has opened up a plethora of possibilities and applications in seismic-and transient deformation monitoring. Fibre-optic cables are relatively inexpensive, require little to no maintenance, and can be deployed in environments that were previously impractical for or inaccessible to traditional seismometers, such as urban environments (Dou et al, 2017;Fang et al, 2020), glaciers and permafrost regions (Ajo-Franklin et al, 2017;Walter et al, 2020), deep boreholes (Cole et al, 2018;Lellouch et al, 2019), and in lakes and submarine environments (Lindsey et al, 2019;Sladen et al, 2019) -see also Zhan (2020) for a concise review of applications 1 https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2020-157 Preprint. Discussion started: 25 September 2020 c Author(s) 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Seismic Beamforming Capabilities of Distributed Acoustic Sensing Arrays

Ende¹,

Ampuero²

2020

Preprint

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Abstract. The versatility and cost-efficiency of fibre-optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technologies facilitate geophysical monitoring in environments that were previously inaccessible for instrumentation. Moreover, the spatio-temporal data density permitted by DAS naturally appeals to seismic array processing techniques, such as beamforming for source location. However, the measurement principle of DAS is inherently different from that of conventional seismometers, providing measurements of ground strain rather than ground motion, and so the suitability of traditional seismological methods requires in-depth evaluation. In this study, we evaluate the performance of a DAS array in the task of seismic beamforming, in comparison with a co-located nodal seismometer array. We find that, even though the nodal array achieves excellent performance in localising a regional ML 4.3 earthquake, the DAS array exhibits poor waveform coherence and consequently produces inadequate beamforming results that are dominated by the signatures of shallow scattered waves. We demonstrate that this behaviour is likely inherent to the DAS measurement principle, and so new strategies need to be adopted to tailor array processing techniques to this emerging measurement technology.

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“…More and more applications in various fields of Earth Sciences are emerging, e.g., measurements in marine environment, taking advantage of the network of optical cables (e.g., Lindsey et al 2019;Marra et al 2018;Sladen et al 2019;Williams et al 2019;Jousset 2019). First measurements were also performed on active volcanoes and cities build on the flancs of active volcanoes (Jousset et al 2019) using infrastructure of temporary or permanent monitoring networks (Contrafatto et al 2019).…”

Section: Selected Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Optic Distributed Strain Sensing for Seismic Applications

Reinsch¹,

Jousset²,

Krawczyk³

2020

Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics

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Fiber optic distributed strain sensing relies on the interrogation of an optical fiber using an appropriate light source, typically a laser. When light travels through an optical fiber, it interacts with the fiber glass structure. The interaction can be elastic (Rayleigh) or inelastic (Raman or Brillouin) scattering phenomena. Among other, the scattered light can carry information about the current elongation of the optical fiber. Comparing the elongation from successive measurements, strain changes can be detected with a high temporal and spatial resolution. If a fiber optic cable is coupled to the ground, these strain changes are a measure of the ground motion and can hence be used for seismic applications.

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Distributed sensing of earthquakes and ocean-solid Earth interactions on seafloor telecom cables

Cited by 239 publications

References 36 publications

Urban Seismic Site Characterization by Fiber‐Optic Seismology

Urban Seismic Site Characterization by Fiber‐Optic Seismology

Evaluating Seismic Beamforming Capabilities of Distributed Acoustic Sensing Arrays

Fiber Optic Distributed Strain Sensing for Seismic Applications

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