Distributed power allocation and scheduling for electrical power system in more electric aircraft

Zhang, Yicheng; Su, Rong; Chen, Wen; Lee, Meng Yeong; Gajanayake, Chandana Jayampathi

doi:10.1109/iecon.2016.7793600

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For an interconnection of LV bus node and ′ , the power could flow either from to ′ , or from ′ to . Therefore, the unidirectional constraints are set to avoid the conflicts in the power flow directions as represented in ( 6) - (8).…”

Section: Unidirectional Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [6], the authors present an optimal load management system to route power from the generators to vital loads and design a hierarchical optimal power control strategy, formulating the problem as a MILP model. In [7], the authors formulate the power allocation and scheduling problem by mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) to minimise the load shedding and optimal generator operation profiles, and a similar simplified OPA model for a AC/DC hybrid EPS system is proposed in [8] with multi-objectives for bus priority and optimal usage of the storage system. However, none of these studies have considered the converters nor the transmission losses in their models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Power Allocation and Generator Sizing Optimisation of More-Electric Aircraft On-board Electrical Power during Different Flight Stages

Wang

Atkin

Hill

et al. 2019

AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2019 Forum

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The development of future More Electric Aircraft (MEA) requires exploitation of lightweighted on-board Electrical Power System (EPS) architectural design and energy saving power management strategies. Seeking for the optimal solutions in these key aspects, two vital prerequisites should be ensured for the entire flight stages with load requirements changesone is the optimal power allocation (OPA) aiming to route the power in the system with less transmission losses, and the other one is the optimal generator sizing (OGS) targeting on minimising the required overload capabilities for a lighter generator. Despite different objectives, these two optimisation problems should both meet the load requirements and system operation constraints, including the power balancing and limitations, contactor switching logic, the transmission losses of cables, and the nonlinear converter efficiencies. In this paper, we first propose a formulation method based on the optimal power flow (OPF) model to constitute the system constraints for both optimisation problem, and combining with specific objectives and constraints, the problems of OPA and OGS can be mathematically modelled. By linearizing the nonlinear transmission efficiencies with piecewise functions, the proposed models can be solved using the mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) in CPLEX solver.

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Section: Unidirectional Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Allocation and Generator Sizing Optimisation of More-Electric Aircraft On-board Electrical Power during Different Flight Stages

Wang

Atkin

Hill

et al. 2019

AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2019 Forum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the constant voltage variable frequency bus power system, the main bus should solely be connected to one generator at any moment in time, the secondary bus should only be connected to one main bus simultaneously [31]. Therefore, one generator with its auxiliaries and supplied loads can be separated as an independent unit.…”

Section: B Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time FPGA-Based Hardware Neural Network for Fault Detection and Isolation in More Electric Aircraft

et al. 2019

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More Electric Aircraft (MEA) has a great development prospect in the aviation industry thanks to the progressive power electronics technology and digital systems. Nevertheless, any fault occurring in the power electric system of MEA could be a fatal risk for the safety of the aircraft. To deal with the real-time fault detection and isolation (FDI) on the MEA, we put forward an FPGA-based neural network method which includes two stages: off-line construction using TensorFlow and real-time monitoring on the FPGA. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is applied because of its capability of learning from the longterm historical information in time series. A comprehensive MEA model based on the Boeing 787 power system created in PSCAD/EMTDC and a commercial electric aircraft model based on Airbus E-Fan in Simscape are simulated to validate the effectiveness and generality of our proposed method. Adequate contrast experiments are conducted to acquire the most applicable architecture and configurations of the network. The results illustrate that the evaluation of the real-time condition can achieve accuracy over 99.5% within one sampling time on FPGA and reasonable hardware resource utilization. INDEX TERMS Fault detection and isolation (FDI), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), gated recurrent unit (GRU), long short-term memory (LSTM), more electric aircraft (MEA), neural networks, real-time systems.

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“…For instance, each DC/DC converter can be connected to no more than one HV and LV bus as presented in (10). In addition, in the aircraft EPS, the HV/LV buses can have interconnections only when having generator failures and the system operates in fault mode as shown in (11), where is the generator connection status, and is the number of the generators.…”

Section: Constraints 1) Connection Existance Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimal power flow (OPF) method is consequently introduced because it is commonly used to route the power with minimum transmission losses or the operation costs in the power system regarding to the load requirements [7], [8], [9]. Typically, this method solves the power scheduling problem and generator sizing problem sequentially regarding to the load requirements at different flight stages [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Power Flow Based Architecture Design for Electrical Power System in More-Electric Aircraft

Wang

Atkin

Bozhko

et al. 2019

IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

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When designing an electric power system (EPS) architecture for a more electric aircraft (MEA), the total weight of the system is treated as one of the most important criteria. For the weight saving purpose, this paper proposes an optimal power flow (OPF) based architecture design method to minimise the redundancy of the EPS of MEA, which includes reducing the generator overloading requirements for lighter generator design, and cutting down the excessive harness and number of contactors to lighten the wiring system. Based on the formulized mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model, the addressed optimal architecture design (OAD) problem can be solved by optimising the power routing with minimum transmission losses in different flight stages simultaneously to minimise generator sizing and number of connections. The model contains both decision variables indicating the system architecture (e.g. cables existences and generator capacity) and the ones indicating the power flows with regards to the flight stages. In addition, the total transmission losses in the system are considered by formulizing the non-linear transmission losses of the DC/DC converters and cables losses in model constraints. By minimising the transmission losses, the generator overload capacity, as well as the cable needed for the connections, an optimised architecture with less redundancy and having optimal power routing in different flight stages can be realized, leading to lighter generator and wiring system for EPS.

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Distributed power allocation and scheduling for electrical power system in more electric aircraft

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Power Allocation and Generator Sizing Optimisation of More-Electric Aircraft On-board Electrical Power during Different Flight Stages

Power Allocation and Generator Sizing Optimisation of More-Electric Aircraft On-board Electrical Power during Different Flight Stages

Real-Time FPGA-Based Hardware Neural Network for Fault Detection and Isolation in More Electric Aircraft

Optimal Power Flow Based Architecture Design for Electrical Power System in More-Electric Aircraft

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