Distributed Interruptible Load Shedding and Micro-Generator Dispatching to Benefit System Operations

Abstract

-Black-outs are the worst end results of significant differences in power between generations and absorptions. Therefore, the capability of distribution network operators (DNO) of knowing in advance and controlling the load profile is surely more and more an important means to run in an acceptable way an electric power network, as a smart-grid, especially in presence of distributed generation. The combination of Distributed Interruptible Load Shedding and micro-generators dispatching is an interesting opportunity for the DNO in case of power network emergency management. In this paper, a proposal to approach this problem and some test results are presented, using probabilistic methods, in the case of a small low-voltage network with interruptible loads and micro-CHP (Combined Heat and Power) generators.

A Cooperative Demand Response Scheme Using Punishment Mechanism and Application to Industrial Refrigerated Warehouses

“…Furthermore, it is also shown in Fig. 9 that a larger λ gives a lower critical probability and a larger γ i θ 2 i gives a higher 6 The optimal threshold η max indicates that the false alarm can cause more loss of social optimality than the false detection. Thus, the punishment mechanism should not be triggered more often.…”

“…For the direct load control programs, the energy provider manages the loads of the participating consumers directly [3]- [5]. In the interruptible programs, the consumers receive the incentive payments or rate discounts so as to reduce their predefined values [6]. In the demand bidding programs, the consumers bid on specific load reductions and curtail their loads according to the amount specified in the bid [7], whereas in the emergency demand response programs, the participating consumers are paid for measured load reductions under the emergency conditions [8].…”

Day-ahead real-time pricing strategy based on the price-time-type elasticity of demand

“…On the other hand, according to the energy conservation, we got the equations of Equation (13), Equation (14), Equation (15) and Equation (16). Equation (15) can be acquired by using Equation (1).…”

Efficient Energy Management in Smart Micro-Grids: ZERO Grid Impact Buildings

“…The first revolution deals with the deregulation of the electrical industry, by means of the markets introduction: the electricity service has been opened to the generation plants owners and also to the final users; this has influenced the operational functions initially belonging to Transmission and Distribution System Operators (TSO, DSO) [4]- [6]. Another important change regards the spread of the so-said Dispersed or Distributed Generation (DG), including renewable sources generation plants (such as photovoltaic or wind micro-turbine) and high efficiency production systems (such as gas microturbine or Combined Heat and Power (CHP)) [7]. The DG has had a big impact on transmission and distribution grids, in terms of electricity flows and protection systems.…”