Distraction of the growth plate: Experiments in pigs and sheep

Peltonen, Jari; Alitalo, I.; Karaharju, Erkki; Heliö, Harri

doi:10.3109/17453678408992374

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Fracture of the physis usually occurs through the hypertrophic zone (Connolly et al 1986, de Pablos et al 1986, Peltonen et al 1984, Peltonen 1989), but extension of the fracture to the proliferative zone (Connolly et al 1986) and to the metaphysis (Peltonen et al 1988) has been described.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distraction effects on the physis in rabbits

Alberty¹,

Peltonen²,

Ritsilä³

1990

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Gradual physeal distraction by external fixation was performed on the distal femur in 19 growing rabbits. The rate of distraction was 0.5-1 mm once daily. Distraction was continued for 1-21 days until killing. Lengthening of the femur and latitudinal growth of the distraction area were measured in radiographs. Morphologic changes in the physes were studied in histologic preparations. The length gained by distraction was maximally 5 mm. Latitudinal overgrowth was noted in specimens distracted for more than 13 days. Hyperplasia of the hypertrophic chondrocyte zone was seen after 1 day of distraction. Separation of the epiphysis from the metaphysis, mostly through the hypertrophic zone, occurred in 11 specimens. Both hyperplasia and separation were often seen in the same physis. In the separation gap, early signs of bone formation into a collagen frame were seen from the 7th day on. An accessory physis, located in the metaphysis and apparently growing interstitially, was noted in 1 specimen.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distraction effects on the physis in rabbits

Alberty¹,

Peltonen²,

Ritsilä³

1990

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…Unfortunately, equivocal results have been reported in the numerous animal (3,5,7,9,10, 14,15,17,20) and clinical studies (4,6,11) using transphyseal tension to correct acquired deformity.…”

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confidence: 98%

Effect of aging on tensile mechanical properties of the rabbit distal femoral growth plate

Guse

Connolly

Alberts

et al. 1989

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Tensile tests to failure were performed on the distal femoral growth plate of rabbits. The measured tensile forces, together with animal weight and dimensional measurements of the femur, were used to develop a noninvasive method of predicting growth failure loads and to examine the effects of age on the tensile strength of the growth plate. Growth plate failure load correlated with rabbit weight, (r = 0.93), femoral length, (r = 0.91), and contoured growth plate surface area, (r = 0.74). Regression analysis for these relationships allowed for failure load prediction if animal weight, femoral length, or growth plate surface area was known. Nominal stress (failure load/surface area) was calculated and correlated with animal weight (age) for each distal femoral growth plate utilizing two surface area estimating techniques: growth plate surface contour and growth plate cross-sectional enlargement. A strong association was found with either technique. The growth and maturation of growth plate cartilage is of major importance in pediatric orthopaedics. This study demonstrate that the age-dependent increases in tensile mechanical properties of the growth plate do not result merely from growth plate enlrgement or conformational changes. The changing tensile mechanical properties of the growth plate may explain why transphyseal distraction used clinically has produced varied and somewhat unpredictable results. Our study suggests that dose-response investigations are needed to define safe and optimal transphyseal distraction tensions before further clinical application is pursued.

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“…Using an external fixation device (Peltonen et al 1984a), gradual physeal distraction of the distal radius was performed on 18 still-growing, 2-5-month-old sheep. Kirschner pins were drilled percutaneously, a double external frame was applied, and distraction was started at a rate of 0.5-1 .O mm/day.…”

Section: Animals and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown experimentally that after gradual physeal distraction a new metaphysis is formed (Ring 1958, Ilizarov and Soybelman 1969, Monticelli and Spinelli 1981, Peltonen et al 1984a). According to Monticelli et al (1 98 1) and de Pablos et al (1986), separation of the physis occurs through the layer of hypertrophic chondrocytes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…After resorption of the hematoma from the distraction area, collagen bundles can be seenorganized in the direction of the distraction (Monticellietal. 1981).Thegap is thengraduallyfilled with trabecular bone, which is formed from the inner layer of the periosteum and from the epiphyseal and metaphyseal sides (Ring 1958, Peltonen et al 1984a). According to De Bastiani et al (1986), a quite different mechanism of bone formation occurs when the physeal distraction is carried out slowly, which is called chondrodiatasis, without causing a fracture between the epiphysis and metaphysis; bone lengthening is achieved by hypertrophy of the physis and acceleration of the enchondral osteogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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