Distinguishing hepatic hemangiomas from metastatic tumors using T1 mapping on gadoxetic-acid-enhanced MRI

Assessing liver function in patients with HBV-related HCC: a comparison of T1 mapping on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging with DWI

“…T 1 relaxation time is an absolute value, and appears to be more reliable and less subjective than the direct hepatic signal intensity method to assess liver function [25]. The syngo MapIt tool enables rapid MRI sequencing with high resolution using 3D VIBE [26]. In our department, we include this sequence in routine liver MR imaging.…”

Distinguishing liver haemangiomas from metastatic tumours using gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid‐enhanced diffusion‐weighted imaging at 1.5T MRI

“…These observations lead to the assumption that the SNR of haemangiomas decreased due to the contrast media being pooled in dilated sinusoid. Actually, it was reported that the T1‐shortening effect of haemangiomas was stronger than that of metastatic liver tumours at the hepatobiliary phase in a study using T1 value . Therefore, it was supposed that the contrast between metastatic tumours and liver parenchyma increased, and that of haemangiomas decreased more than metastatic liver tumours because the SNRs of both haemangiomas and liver parenchyma decreased .…”

“…Actually, it was reported that the T1shortening effect of haemangiomas was stronger than that of metastatic liver tumours at the hepatobiliary phase in a study using T1 value. 17 Therefore, it was supposed that the contrast between metastatic tumours and liver parenchyma increased, and that of haemangiomas decreased more than metastatic liver tumours because the SNRs of both haemangiomas and liver parenchyma decreased. 18 However, the contrast between haemangiomas and liver parenchyma increased more than that between metastatic liver tumours and liver parenchyma, both quantitatively and qualitatively.…”

Liver-specific agents for contrast-enhanced MRI: role in oncological imaging

“…When imaging is performed with gadoxetic acid, haemangiomas may appear hypointense relative to liver parenchyma during the equilibrium and delayed phases, as there will be substantial liver parenchymal uptake from as early as 3–5 min after injection, producing the so-called pseudo-washout sign, which can mimic a hypervascular tumour [ 78 ] . Thus, the expected prolonged enhancement due to filling in of haemangiomas is less readily observable because of intense liver parenchymal enhancement [ 79 ] (Fig. 6).…”

“…Some authors have suggested T 1 quantitative mapping or additional dynamic imaging with a non-specific extracellular contrast agent [ 79 ] .…”