Dissolved Humic Substances in Waters from Drained and Undrained Grazed Grassland in SW England

Hayes, Thomas; Watt, B.E.; Hayes, M.H.B.; Clapp, C. E.; Scholefield, D.; Swift, R. S.; Skjemstad, J. O.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-85573-805-8.50014-8

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The d 13 C values obtained by Hayes et al 16 were also substantially less enriched than those of the present study; the fulvic and humic acid fractions ranged from À30.6 to À31.8%, whereas we found a range of À28.7 to À27.9% in our freeze-dried drainage samples. These discrepancies in d 13 C and d 15 N values may indicate that the DOM collected for the present study and that of Hayes et al 16 differed in composition, supporting the idea that d…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 80%

“…In an earlier study carried out on the HNU plot, 16 DOM in the discharged water was separated into humic, fulvic and XAD-4 acids, and acids (together representing over 95% of the fractions isolated) were between 0.8 and 1.6%, which is substantially less enriched than the values obtained in the current study (5.4 to 7.4%). The d 13 C values obtained by Hayes et al 16 were also substantially less enriched than those of the present study; the fulvic and humic acid fractions ranged from À30.6 to À31.8%, whereas we found a range of À28.7 to À27.9% in our freeze-dried drainage samples.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…It should be noted, however, that the freeze-dried samples analysed in our study will have contained small amounts of dissolved inorganic C (DIC) and N (DIN), whereas the procedure used by Hayes et al 16 to separate out humic fractions may have removed some of these inorganics. Inorganic C tends to be more enriched than the organic C it is associated with, 17 so the presence of any DIC in our samples would have increased the apparent enrichment of the DOC.…”

Section: And Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Short-term changes in δ13C and δ15N signatures of water discharged from grazed grasslands

McTiernan¹,

Jarvis²,

Allen

et al. 1999

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a soil is the product of a variety of soil processes. Changes in the composition of DOM in water discharged from soil should, therefore, give an important insight into modifications in these soil processes. We hypothesise that these processes in soils, under different grassland management regimes, would be affected to different extents by the short-term disturbance of a storm event and that evidence of this could be detected in delta(13)C and delta(15)N signatures in drainage and surface runoff waters. During a storm event we collected discharge waters from 1 ha grassland lysimeters, with or without artificial drainage, which received contrasting fertiliser inputs, and delta(13)C and delta(15)N signatures were determined. Changes in (13)C enrichment during the storm event were clearly identifiable, as were differences between plots for (13)C and (15)N, illustrating that this technique has potential to be a useful tool for identifying and investigating short- and long-term changes in soil organic matter dynamics. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: And Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Short-term changes in δ13C and δ15N signatures of water discharged from grazed grasslands

McTiernan¹,

Jarvis²,

Allen

et al. 1999

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The second part of the filtrate from the soil extract was diluted to an organic matter concentration < 15 mg litre −1 , the pH was adjusted to two (6 m HCl), then pumped at a flow rate of c . 40 ml minute −1 on to XAD‐8 linked to XAD‐4 (styrenedivinylbenzene; Rohm & Haas, 1981) in a two‐column resin in a tandem system based on the procedure of Malcolm & MacCarthy (1992), and further developed by Hayes et al (1997). Distilled water was used to desalt the columns.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amino acids analyses were based on the procedure described by Turnell & Cooper (1982), and as used, with minor modifications, by Hayes et al (1997; 1999). Amino acids were released by hydrolysis in 6 m HCl at 115°C (sealed tubes), and o ‐phthalaldehyde was the derivatization reagent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional relationships between organic matter in a grassland soil and its drainage waters

Hayes

Skjemstad

et al. 2008

European J Soil Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a novel study of the compositional relationships between soil organic components extractable in aqueous extractants and those in sub-soil drainage and surface runoff waters from the soil. The surface soil (0-20 cm) of a stagnogley in long-term grassland was sequentially and exhaustively extracted in aqueous media at pH values of 7, 10.6 and 12.6. Extracts from the soils and their runoff and drainage waters were processed by the procedures of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS), and fractionated into humic, fulvic, and XAD-4 acids. Elemental, d 13 C, d 15 N, sugar, amino acids, and solid state CPMAS 13 C NMR analyses were used to identify similarities and differences between the fractions from the different extracts. There were few differences between the compositions of drainage water samples taken 1 year apart, and these had compositional features similar to those from the more highly oxidized fractions isolated from the soil at pH 7. There were significant differences between the humic components from the drainage waters and isolated from the soil at pH 7 and those of the humic fractions isolated at the higher pH values whose compositions are more clearly related to origins in plants. The compositions of the surface runoff waters indicate origins in transformed plant and animal manures on the soil surface, whereas those of the deep drainage waters originate in more extensively transformed materials, including products of microbial metabolism. The resin technique used in the fractionation allowed the isolation of novel humic acid fractions from the soil extracts, in particular at pH 7 and 12.6. These fractions clearly originated in microbial sources, were rich in saccharides and amino acids (peptides), and low in lignin-derived components.

show abstract

Utilization and Transformation of Aquatic Humic Substances by Autochthonous Microorganisms

Hertkorn

Claus

Schmitt‐Kopplin

et al. 2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aquatic humic substances (HS) from a bog lake water, a riverwater, and a groundwater were isolated after enrichment on XAD 8 columns and added to a Czapek-Dox nutrient broth which was used either in full strength or without glucose and/or NaNO3. The individual flasks were inoculated with natural microbial populations of corresponding water samples or with a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain isolated from groundwater. The presence of HS resulted in an increase of bacterial numbers in nearly all cultures incubated for 3 weeks at 25 degrees C on a shaker. HS reisolated from cultures without glucose or NaNO3 showed no or only minor quantitative differences as compared to those from sterile controls. In full strength nutrient broth up to 27% of HS were utilized. Data obtained by spectroscopic methods (UV/vis/FTIR) and elemental analysis indicated a decrease in particle size and a loss in aromaticity and aliphatic carbon in HS reisolated from the microbial cultures. Simultaneously an increase in the N content of HS was observed, which probably originated from some constituents of microbial biomass such as proteins and amino sugars. The NMR data also documented that significant transformations of HS occurred in the individual microbial cultures. After incubation, increased amounts of aromatic acids were detected in some liquid media and residual HS by GC/MS or capillary electrophoresis. 1H NMR spectroscopy was less effective in indicating structural differences in the HS than 13C NMR but revealed considerable detail of the microbial degradation of riverine HS, when limited sample was available. The newly developed NMR increment analysis provided substantial detail of aromatic structures in a microbially altered HS. The microbial degradation of HS strongly depended on the composition of the HS, the species selection of the microorganisms, and to a lesser extent on the culture conditions. For any series of identical inoculum and HS, full broth media initiated the most extensive alteration of HS.

show abstract

Dissolved Humic Substances in Waters from Drained and Undrained Grazed Grassland in SW England

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Short-term changes in δ13C and δ15N signatures of water discharged from grazed grasslands

Short-term changes in δ13C and δ15N signatures of water discharged from grazed grasslands

Compositional relationships between organic matter in a grassland soil and its drainage waters

Utilization and Transformation of Aquatic Humic Substances by Autochthonous Microorganisms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About