Dissolvable Metals for Transient Electronics

Yin, Lan; Cheng, Huanyu; Mao, Shimin; Haasch, Richard T.; Wang, Kun; Xie, Xu; Hwang, Suk Won; Jain, Harshvardhan; Kang, Seung Kyun; Su, Yewang; Li, Rui; Huang, Yonggang; Rogers, John A.

doi:10.1002/adfm.201301847

Cited by 388 publications

(468 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Si NMs or Si NRs can serve as the foundational semiconductors because device-grade monocrystalline silicon has been recently revealed to be water-soluble, 90 with biologically and environmentally benign end products, i.e., silicic acid and hydrogen. This realization immediately establishes routes to fully soluble high-performance active devices such as transistors, diodes, and other essential components of overall systems, when the Si NMs are combined with dissolvable metals, 91 oxide dielectrics, 92 and supporting biodegradable polymer substrates/encapsulants. 93 As an example, Fig.…”

Section: Physically Transient Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many other materials options are also available. 91,95,96 Figure 7b shows images of a representative device platform that includes Inorganic semiconducting materials KJ Yu et al inductors, capacitors, resistors, diodes, transistors, and interconnects and encapsulants all integrated on silk substrate, where the key defining characteristics are high-performance operation with constituent materials that are completely water soluble to biologically and environmentally safe end products. Figure 7b (bottom frames) illustrates the disintegration and dissolution of such a system in deionized water.…”

Section: Physically Transient Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

et al. 2017

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Recent progress in the synthesis and deterministic assembly of advanced classes of single crystalline inorganic semiconductor nanomaterial establishes a foundation for high-performance electronics on bendable, and even elastomeric, substrates. The results allow for classes of systems with capabilities that cannot be reproduced using conventional wafer-based technologies. Specifically, electronic devices that rely on the unusual shapes/forms/constructs of such semiconductors can offer mechanical properties, such as flexibility and stretchability, traditionally believed to be accessible only via comparatively low-performance organic materials, with superior operational features due to their excellent charge transport characteristics. Specifically, these approaches allow integration of high-performance electronic functionality onto various curvilinear shapes, with linear elastic mechanical responses to large strain deformations, of particular relevance in bio-integrated devices and bio-inspired designs. This review summarizes some recent progress in flexible electronics based on inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials, the key associated design strategies and examples of device components and modules with utility in biomedicine.

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Section: Physically Transient Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physically Transient Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

et al. 2017

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“…Sometimes referred to collectively as transient electronics, these types of devices can be constructed by using designer materials, such as specially formulated polymers or natural products (13)(14)(15)(16), or clever combinations of established materials, well-aligned to existing infrastructure (e.g., device designs, circuit topologies, manufacturing capabilities) in conventional, nontransient electronics (17)(18)(19). The latter approach is particularly attractive due to recent research findings that establish many options in high-quality electronic materials for this purpose, ranging from semiconductor-grade monocrystalline silicon (hydrolysis to hydrogen gas and silicic acid) to dissolvable metals (e.g., Mg, W, Mo) and water-soluble dielectrics (e.g., MgO, SiO 2 , Si 3 N 4 ) (19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Carefully selected device designs and encapsulation layers allow electronic systems formed with these materials to operate in a stable, high-performance manner for a desired time and then to degrade and disappear completely, at a molecular level, to biocompatible and ecocompatible end products.…”

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confidence: 99%

Materials and processing approaches for foundry-compatible transient electronics

Chang

Fang

Bower³

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Foundry-based routes to transient silicon electronic devices have the potential to serve as the manufacturing basis for "green" electronic devices, biodegradable implants, hardware secure data storage systems, and unrecoverable remote devices. This article introduces materials and processing approaches that enable state-of-theart silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) foundries to be leveraged for high-performance, water-soluble forms of electronics. The key elements are (i) collections of biodegradable electronic materials (e.g., silicon, tungsten, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide) and device architectures that are compatible with manufacturing procedures currently used in the integrated circuit industry, (ii) release schemes and transfer printing methods for integration of multiple ultrathin components formed in this way onto biodegradable polymer substrates, and (iii) planarization and metallization techniques to yield interconnected and fully functional systems. Various CMOS devices and circuit elements created in this fashion and detailed measurements of their electrical characteristics highlight the capabilities. Accelerated dissolution studies in aqueous environments reveal the chemical kinetics associated with the underlying transient behaviors. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility for using foundry-based routes to sophisticated forms of transient electronic devices, with functional capabilities and cost structures that could support diverse applications in the biomedical, military, industrial, and consumer industries.soft electronics | biodegradable electronics | transfer printing | undercut etching | hydrolysis S emiconductor technology is increasingly essential to nearly all aspects of modern society, with projections of market sizes that will exceed $7 trillion in 2017, equivalent to 10% of the world's gross domestic product (1-4). The rapid and accelerating pace of innovation in this area leads to increases in the frequency with which consumers upgrade their devices, thereby contributing to the production of >50 million tons of electronic waste (e-waste) each year (5, 6). Furthermore, the anticipated emergence of electronics for internet-of-things applications, along with the continued proliferation of radio frequency (RF) identification tags and other high-volume electronic goods, create daunting challenges with the management of this e-waste (7, 8). These considerations motivate research into forms of electronics that can degrade naturally into the environment to harmless end products. Such technology is also of interest for other, unique classes of applications, ranging from biodegradable, temporary electronic implants to hardware secure data systems and unrecoverable, field-deployed devices (9-12). Sometimes referred to collectively as transient electronics, these types of devices can be constructed by using designer materials, such as specially formulated polymers or natural products (13-16), or clever combinations of established materials, well-aligned to existing ...

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“…The transient materials, dissolution mechanism and reaction kinetics of transient electronics have been studied. [ 66,[79][80][81]87 ] Nevertheless, transient electronics with silk substrates have demonstrated biocompatibility, and no infl ammatory response has been observed after their implantation in vivo, illustrating the feasibility of silk fi broin for building biointegrated biodegradable electronics. In addition to bioresorbable substrates and packaging layers, silk fi broin fi lms can also serve as "carriers" for functional materials for implantable devices.…”

Section: Resorbable Substrates For Biodegradable Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[ 67,[79][80][81] Thus, by virtue of its excellent mechanical, optical, and electronic properties, superior biosustainability and biodegradability, and ease of fabrication, silk fi broin has emerged as an ideal material of choice for the design and integration of high-performance fl exible electronics devices for a wide range of applications. The energetic research efforts on silk fi broin in the past several years have contributed to a new route of a silk "electronic road" ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silk Fibroin for Flexible Electronic Devices

et al. 2015

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Flexible electronic devices are necessary for applications involving unconventional interfaces, such as soft and curved biological systems, in which traditional silicon-based electronics would confront a mechanical mismatch. Biological polymers offer new opportunities for flexible electronic devices by virtue of their biocompatibility, environmental benignity, and sustainability, as well as low cost. As an intriguing and abundant biomaterial, silk offers exquisite mechanical, optical, and electrical properties that are advantageous toward the development of next-generation biocompatible electronic devices. The utilization of silk fibroin is emphasized as both passive and active components in flexible electronic devices. The employment of biocompatible and biosustainable silk materials revolutionizes state-of-the-art electronic devices and systems that currently rely on conventional semiconductor technologies. Advances in silk-based electronic devices would open new avenues for employing biomaterials in the design and integration of high-performance biointegrated electronics for future applications in consumer electronics, computing technologies, and biomedical diagnosis, as well as human-machine interfaces.

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Dissolvable Metals for Transient Electronics

Cited by 388 publications

References 83 publications

Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

Inorganic semiconducting materials for flexible and stretchable electronics

Materials and processing approaches for foundry-compatible transient electronics

Silk Fibroin for Flexible Electronic Devices

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