Dissolution of Zr and Yinto BaTiO3 by Milling

BaTiO3 devices doped with Zr using mechanical alloying

“…However, ZrO 2 is difficult to diffuse into the BaTiO 3 lattice which means high temperatures and long dwell times in the furnace during processing. It has been shown by our group [2] that using high energy milling it is possible to dissolve ZrO 2 into BaTiO 3 lattice where the Zr 4+ ion replaces the Ti 4+ ion in the perovskite structure, in other words, a mechanical alloy can be fabricated. CO 2 has to be avoided in the atmosphere during mechanical alloying between BaTiO 3 and ZrO 2 otherwise BaCO 3 is formed instead of the solid solution [3].…”