Dissolution of K, Ca, and P from biochar grains in tropical soils

Limwikran, Tanawan; Kheoruenromne, Irb; Suddhiprakarn, A.; Prakongkep, N.; Gilkes, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.10.022

Cited by 71 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…They reported an increase of 69-89% in (NH 4 OAc extractable) K which contributed to a 14% increase in maize production relative to a KCl control. Limwikran et al (2018) assessed K releases from Thailand soils after incubation with 9 biochar types that were produced from shells, food-processing wastes and wood wastes. They reported dramatic differences in watersoluble K (8-64%) amounts released into soil following biochar applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration and Release of Phosphorus and Potassium From Lignocellulosic- and Manure-Based Biochars for Fertilizer Reuse

Novak

Johnson

Spokas

2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Biochars pyrolyzed from plant residues and animal manure feedstocks may contain disproportionate amounts of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Unequal nutrient characteristics can impact the biochars ability to properly supply as well as improve soil P and K fertility levels. A soil incubation study was performed to test the hypotheses that biochar produced from poultry litter will release more water soluble dissolved P (DP) and K (DK) concentrations and would also increase soil plant available P and K concentrations as compared to lignocellulosic-based biochars. Biochar was pyrolyzed at 500 • C from hardwood waste products (HW), pine chips (PC; Pinus taeda), poultry litter (PL; Gallus domestics), and an 80:20 pine chip/poultry litter blend, which were then added at 20 g kg −1 to a sandy Norfolk E soil (Typic Kandiudult). Un-amended (no biochar) Norfolk E soil served as a control. During the incubation, all treatments were leached four times with deionized water and the leachate analyzed for DP and DK; their concentration and mass released as a function of total amounts present were then calculated. At the conclusion of the study, soils were extracted using Mehlich-1 reagent for determination of plant-available P and K contents. Leachates from soil amended with 100% PL biochar and the 80:20 blend had significantly more DP and DK mass (59 and 1,018 mg, respectively) released compared to PC and hardwood biochars (0.07 and 23 mg). Significant amounts of DP were released from PL biochar with additional water leaching, but DK release results were mixed. Soil Mehlich-1 P and K contents were significantly increased using PL biochar compared to lignocellulosic-based biochars. Blending PC with PL feedstocks at 80:20 weight ratio reduced Mehlich-1 soil P concentrations to 35 mg kg −1 , which was more aligned with soil test P levels (30-50 mg kg −1) recommended for a corn (Zea mays) production in southeastern USA Coastal Plain sandy soils. These results reveal that 100% PL biochar offers a higher potential to provide more P and K to soils than lignocellulosic based biochars, and that feedstock blends can be used to create designer biochars that align soil test fertilizer values with plant nutrient requirements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration and Release of Phosphorus and Potassium From Lignocellulosic- and Manure-Based Biochars for Fertilizer Reuse

Novak

Johnson

Spokas

2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…From the moment that the plant material is pyrolyzed, the carbon presents molecular and structural characteristics, with the sp2/sp3 ratio determined by the characteristics of the material pyrolyzed (e.g., lignin and cellulose), temperature and pyrolysis [48,65]. It is worth mentioning that in archaeological sites, it is common for bonfires to be placed in locations that previously hosted bonfires.…”

Section: Structural Alteration Preferentially Occurs On the Charcoal mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic of the structural alteration of biochar in ancient Anthrosol over a long timescale by Raman spectroscopy

et al. 2020

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The presence of biochar with high carbon accumulation capacity and nutrient adsorption is causally associated with archeological soils. Although this type of soil organic matter has been known for a long time, the knowledge of its structure and environmental behavior is still limited. This work used Raman spectroscopy to obtain structural information and identify alterations in biochar particles. To this end, we studied biochar particles found in an archaeological site with a temporal window lasting 12451 to 11080 yr cal BP. The molecular, structural and sp2/sp3 characteristics of the charcoal particles were determined at the time of burning and associated with the temperature, time and characteristics of the burnt material. We propose that the process of oxidation of the biochar occurs during the first 2000 years after its genesis. The oxidation process is a reflection of decreases in the number of defects related to sp2 bonds on amorphous carbons and increases in the number of defects associated with ionic impurities, which clearly indicate the interaction between biochar particles and the soil matrix. The data confirm the hypothesis that the persistence of biochar in the environment is due to its graphite structure and suggest that over a 12000 year timeframe, biochar particles undergo several changes that occur in the disordered phase and are rapidly oxidized.

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“…The non-significant effect on soil available P and exchangeable Ca suggested the rice husk biochar had little ability to supply these nutrients. Possibly, the high Ca and P in the biochar was insoluble and remained in its micro-porous fabric of the biochar [51]. Limwikran et al [51] reported that rice husk biochar could not readily release Ca into soil thus acted as a sink rather than a source for exchangeable Ca.…”

Section: Effect Of Biochar On Soil Physico-chemical Properties In Firmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

et al. 2019

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Sesame is an important oilseed crop cultivated worldwide. However, research has focused on biochar effects on grain crops and vegetable and there is still a scarcity of information of biochar addition on sesame. This study was to assess the effect of biochar addition on sesame performance, with a specific emphasis on growth, yield, leaf nutrient concentration, seed mineral nutrients, and soil physicochemical properties. A field experiment was conducted on an upland field converted from paddy at Tottori Prefecture, Japan. Rice husk biochar was added to sesame cropping at rates of 0 (F), 20 (F+20B), 50 (F+50B) and 100 (F+100B) t ha −1 and combined with NPK fertilization in a first cropping and a second cropping field in 2017. Biochar addition increased plant height, yield and the total number of seeds per plant more in the first cropping than in the second cropping. The F+50B significantly increased seed yield by 35.0% in the first cropping whereas the F+20B non-significantly increased seed yield by 25.1% in the second cropping. At increasing biochar rates, plant K significantly increased while decreasing Mg whereas N and crude protein, P and Ca were non-significantly higher compared to the control. Soil porosity and bulk density improved with biochar addition while pH, exchangeable K, total N, C/N ratio and CEC significantly increased with biochar, but the effect faded in the second cropping. Conversely exchangeable Mg and its plant tissue concentration decreased due to competitive ion effect of high K from the biochar. Biochar addition is effective for increasing nutrient availability especially K for sesame while improving soil physicochemical properties to increase seed yield, growth and seed mineral quality.Agronomy 2019, 9, 55 2 of 20 (13.5%), ash (5%) [2], and mineral components, such as K (815 mg/100 g), P (647 mg/100 g), Mg (579 mg/100 g) and Ca (415 mg/100 g) [3]. This contributes to its health and nutritional benefits. Therefore, demand for sesame seeds is increasing due to the increasing knowledge on their dietary and health benefits, but there has been limited research on sesame evidenced by low yield in most growing areas hence hampering its adoption and expansion in the world [4]. Although sesame has been reconsidered a local specialty crop in Japan [5], the production of sesame is still low. For instance, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2016 estimated that 11 tons of sesame seeds were produced from an area of 21 hectares [6]. With the increase in abandoned paddy fields estimated at 360,000 ha by the year 2010, farmers were encouraged to convert such fields into cultivation of upland crops, such as wheat and soybeans [7,8], including sesame. However, crop yield on upland fields converted from paddy may decrease due to declining soil fertility status of the paddy soils that could require soil amendment with organic materials [9].Biochar is a soil amendment produced from thermal decomposition of organic materials through pyrolysis and it has the potential to increase crop yields [10,11]....

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Dissolution of K, Ca, and P from biochar grains in tropical soils

Cited by 71 publications

References 17 publications

Concentration and Release of Phosphorus and Potassium From Lignocellulosic- and Manure-Based Biochars for Fertilizer Reuse

Concentration and Release of Phosphorus and Potassium From Lignocellulosic- and Manure-Based Biochars for Fertilizer Reuse

Dynamic of the structural alteration of biochar in ancient Anthrosol over a long timescale by Raman spectroscopy

Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

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