Dissociative ionization of a large molecule studied by intense phase-controlled laser fields

Orientation dependence of the ionization of CO and NO in an intense femtosecond two-color laser field

“…For both CO and NO we find that enhanced ionization occurs when the molecule is oriented with the electric field pointing toward the O atom, which is the direction expected from the MO-ADK theory alone for the HOMO but opposite that predicted by the Stark shift alone. A similar two-color study on 1-iodohexane has been performed by Ohmura et al [25] and recently we became aware of a similar study by this group [26] on two-color ionization of CO. Our results are in complete agreement with theirs. The present paper supplements that one in reporting some additional data on NO, the kinetic-energy-release (KER) dependence of the asymmetry, and the asymmetry of the detected electrons including rescattered electrons.…”

Setting up tunneling conditions by means of Bohmian mechanics

“…Despite that quantum trajectories are not experimentally observable, the information they provide can be seen as a tool to analyze experimental processes and phenomena where tunneling is involved. In particular, it could be employed to understand and implement mechanisms aimed at quantum controlling molecular systems, alternative to (or cooperative with) other mechanisms proposed in the literature [45][46][47][48][49][50][51], since the treatment here described stresses a direct relationship between the experimental effect (tunneling) and the initial state. In virtue of this relationship, fairly well summarized by (13) or its Gaussian version, (19), one could control the further state of the system (i.e., the occurrence of tunneling) by selecting different values of the parameters involved in the preparation of the initial state (i.e., the initial conditions of the Gaussian wave packet).…”

Interaction of toluene with two-color asymmetric laser fields: Controlling the directional emission of molecular hydrogen fragments

“…10,22,36 The present work provides another case of a polyatomic molecule where the orientation dependent ionization follows qualitatively the MO-ADK tunneling ionization model, even though non-adiabatic multielectron effects may as well contribute to the involved ionization/dissociation processes. 23 Anisotropy measurements were performed for different laser intensities and the amplitude of the "beta" parameter oscillation for each fragment is stronger close to the corresponding appearance intensity. For example, the H 2 + and D 2 + ions recorded for the C 7 H 8 and C 7 D 8 targets, respectively, present a modulation of the ratio of forward to backward fragmentation of ∼23% ± 2% at a laser intensity ∼5 × 10 13 W/cm 2 (see the supplementary material 34 ).…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The related literature concerns mainly diatomic and recently triatomic molecules 20,21 and only a few cases of polyatomic ones have been investigated. 8,22,23 …”