Dissociation between the aversive and pharmacokinetic effects of ethanol in female Fischer and Lewis rats

Roma, Peter G.; Chen, Scott A.; Barr, Christina S.; Riley, Anthony L.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.05.012

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…As noted, the F344 strain develops stronger aversions induced by both ethanol and nicotine than do the LEW animals 143,144 . Interestingly, when allowed to self‐administer ethanol orally, members of the LEW rats display increased response rates, earn more ethanol deliveries, and display higher blood ethanol levels than the F344 rats 136,144,153 . Further, although F344 rats will acquire oral self‐administration of ethanol, this drug serves only as a weak reinforcer in this strain 135 .…”

Section: Relationship Between Self‐administration and Ctamentioning

confidence: 82%

Conditioned taste aversion learning

Davis

Riley

2010

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Drugs of abuse are typically discussed in terms of their rewarding effects and how these effects mediate drug taking. However, these drugs produce aversive effects that could have an important role in the overall acceptability of a drug and its likelihood of being self-administered. Rewarding and aversive effects, then, could be interpreted as separate behavioral effects, with the balance of the two determining overall drug acceptability. Interestingly, the role of aversive effects on drug acceptability in the self-administration preparation has received limited attention in this context. This chapter examines the aversive effects of drugs and discusses their role in drug taking. If these aversive effects serve a protective function, manipulations that alter or decrease these effects could have implications for drug taking. Several factors have been reported to alter conditioned taste aversion (CTA) learning, a preparation used in the assessment of the aversive effects of drugs in general. Two of these factors, drug history and strain, are reviewed here. By reviewing these, we intend to demonstrate the protective nature of aversive effects in the initiation and escalation of drug taking and to provide evidence that reductions in aversive effects could produce changes in patterns of drug self-administration that could lead to an increased vulnerability to abuse drugs by altering the reward-aversion balance. The aim of this chapter is not to question the importance of rewarding effects in self-administration but rather to provide evidence that aversive effects are an important factor that needs to be considered in discussions of drug-taking behavior.

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Section: Relationship Between Self‐administration and Ctamentioning

confidence: 82%

Conditioned taste aversion learning

Davis

Riley

2010

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…However, BEC has not proven to be a reliable measure of ethanol’s aversive properties. Some studies suggest a positive relationship between BEC and the aversive qualities of ethanol [46, 47, 66], whereas others have found no association [45, 67], or a negative relationship [49, 68]. Furthermore, the aversive properties of ethanol have been reported to occur within 1–5 min following exposure [69]; thus, any differences in rate of ethanol clearance (occurring over minutes or hours) are not likely to contribute to the immediate aversion associated with the drug.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the effects of ethanol pre-exposure during adolescence on ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion in adult rats

Sherrill

Berthold

Koss

et al. 2011

Behavioural Brain Research

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Alcohol use, which typically begins during adolescence and differs between males and females, is influenced by both the rewarding and aversive properties of the drug. One way adolescent alcohol use may modulate later consumption is by reducing alcohol s aversive properties. Here, we used a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm to determine if pre-exposure to alcohol (ethanol) during adolescence would attenuate ethanol-induced CTA assessed in adulthood in a sex-dependent manner. Male and female Long-Evans rats were given intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of saline or 3.0 g/kg ethanol in a binge-like pattern during postnatal days (PD) 35–45. In adulthood (> PD 100), rats were given access to 0.1% saccharin, followed by saline or ethanol (1.0 or 1.5 g/kg, i.p.), over four conditioning sessions. We found sex differences in ethanol-induced CTA, with males developing a more robust aversion earlier in conditioning. Sex differences in the effects of pre-exposure were also evident: males, but not females, showed an attenuated CTA in adulthood following ethanol pre-exposure, which occurred approximately nine weeks earlier. Taken together, these findings indicate that males are more sensitive to the aversive properties of ethanol than females. In addition, the ability of pre-exposure to the ethanol US to attenuate CTA is enhanced in males compared to females.

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“…Generally, males exhibit stronger aversive reactions than females, though there are exceptions. Males show greater aversion to ethanol (Cailhol and Mormede 2002; Lucas and McMillen 2002; Sherrill et al 2011), but this effect may be strain- (Roma et al 2007; Roma et al 2006) and age-dependent (Vetter-O’Hagen et al 2009). Males are also more averse to cocaine (injected subcutaneously but not intraperitoneally) (Busse et al 2005), THC (Chambers and Sengstake 1976), and the non-addictive emetic lithium chloride (Chambers et al 1981; Choleris et al 2000; Foy and Foy 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sex on ethanol consumption and conditioned taste aversion in adolescent and adult rats

et al. 2013

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Rationale Vulnerability to alcoholism is determined by many factors, including the balance of pleasurable vs. aversive alcohol-induced sensations: pleasurable sensations increase drinking, aversive sensations reduce it. Both female sex and adolescent age are associated with fewer use-limiting effects of ethanol and more rapid development of alcohol abuse. Objectives This study assessed voluntary drinking and the aversive effects of alcohol in adolescent and adult male and female rats, to determine whether these measures are inversely related across the sexes and development. Methods Voluntary drinking of 20% ethanol in an every-other-day (EOD) availability pattern and the full dose-response relationship of ethanol CTA were assessed in male and female adolescent and adult rats. Results CTA was sex-specific in adult but not adolescent rats, with adult females exhibiting less aversion. Voluntary ethanol consumption varied according to age and interindividual differences in consumption patterns but was not sex-specific. Adolescents initially drank more than adults, exhibited greater day-to-day variation in consumption, were more susceptible to the alcohol deprivation effect, and took longer to establish individual differences in consumption patterns. Conclusions These results show that the evolution of drinking patterns differs in adolescents and adults. While a small cohort of adults establish high consumption patterns quickly, most adolescents drink at high levels initially and show marked deprivation-induced increases, but a significant percentage reduce intake as they become adult. High drinking adolescents do not ramp up like adults, but maintain adolescent drinking patterns into adulthood. Sex differences were not observed in EOD drinking during either adolescence or adulthood.

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Dissociation between the aversive and pharmacokinetic effects of ethanol in female Fischer and Lewis rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Conditioned taste aversion learning

Conditioned taste aversion learning

Sex differences in the effects of ethanol pre-exposure during adolescence on ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion in adult rats

Effect of sex on ethanol consumption and conditioned taste aversion in adolescent and adult rats

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