Dissipation and fluctuations in nanoelectromechanical systems based on carbon nanotubes

Lebedeva, Irina V.; Knizhnik, Andrey A.; Popov, A. M.; Lozovik, Yu. E.; Потапкин, Б. В.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/20/10/105202

Cited by 25 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(264 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, out-of-plane vibrations of atoms of the graphene flake considerably increase the dissipation of the kinetic energy of the flake. The Q-factors calculated for the graphene flake are orders of magnitude smaller than the Q-factors Q ~ 100 -1000 for the telescopic oscillations of carbon nanotube walls23,25 . This can be explained by the fact that carbon nanotubes are stiffer, and no significant flexural vibrations are detected in typical simulations of the telescopic oscillations of nanotube walls[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] .…”

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confidence: 72%

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Molecular dynamics simulation of the self-retracting motion of a graphene flake

et al. 2011

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The self-retracting motion of a graphene flake on a stack of graphene flakes is studied using molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that in the case when the extended flake is initially rotated to an incommensurate state, there is no barrier to the self-retracting motion of the flake and the flake retracts as fast as possible. If the extended flake is initially commensurate with the other flakes, the self-retracting motion is hindered by potential energy barriers. However, in this case, the rotation of the flake to incommensurate states is often observed. Such a rotation is found to be induced by the torque acting on the flake on hills of the potential relief of the interaction energy between the flakes. Contrary to carbon nanotubes, telescopic oscillations of the graphene flake are suppressed because of the high dynamic friction related to the excitation * am-popov@isan.troitsk.ru † lebedeva@kintechlab.com ‡ knizhnik@kintechlab.com § lozovik@isan.troitsk.ru 2 of flexural vibrations of the flake. This makes graphene promising for the use in fast-responding electromechanical memory cells. PACS: 85.85.+j I. INTRODUCTIONDue to the extraordinary electrical and mechanical properties of graphene 1 , this novel twodimensional nanostructure is considered promising for the use in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). For example, a nanoresonator based on flexural vibrations of suspended graphene was implemented 2 . The experimentally observed self-retracting motion of graphite, i.e. retraction of graphite flakes back into graphite stacks on their extension arising from the van der Waals interaction between graphene layers, led to the idea of an oscillator based on the telescopic oscillation of graphene layers 3 . Nanorelays based on the telescopic extension and self-retracting motion of carbon nanotube walls were realized experimentally 4,5 . By analogy with these nanotube-based devices, a nanorelay based on the telescopic motion of graphene layers was proposed 6,7 .The gigahertz oscillator based on the telescopic oscillation of carbon nanotubes walls 8,9 has been widely considered as a model system to study fundamental aspects of tribological properties and dynamic behavior of nanoscale systems (see, for example, Refs. 10 -26).However, there are significant differences in the potential reliefs of the interlayer interaction energy for graphene layers and carbon nanotube walls. The magnitude of corrugation of the potential energy relief is orders of magnitude higher for graphene layers 6,27-30 than for nanotube walls 27,31-33 . Moreover, graphene layers can rotate relative to each other to incommensurate states (see FIG. 1a and b) in which the potential relief of the interlayer interaction energy is smooth. At relative rotation angles    120 60 0 0 , ,   etc., graphene layers are commensurate (see FIG. 1a) and the potential energy relief has significant barriers to the relative motion of the layers. However, when the layers are rotated relative to each other by an angle 3 0 0 60            ( 0 a / L...

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confidence: 72%

“…In some cases, no retraction at all is observed at simulation times of hundreds of picoseconds. This diversity of the dynamic behavior of the graphene flake is provided by thermodynamic fluctuations, similar to NEMS based on carbon nanotubes23,25 as well as by the properties of the potential energy relief of the flake discussed in the previous section.FIG. 6.…”

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confidence: 97%

Molecular dynamics simulation of the self-retracting motion of a graphene flake

et al. 2011

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“…Evidence for the role of point defects has appeared in experiments [15-18] and molecular dynamics simulations [19-24]. Distinct defect-related features that have been discussed in past computational studies are the mechanical load transfer and oscillation damping in MWCNT-based NEMS [19-24]. Recently, we discussed [25] other important effects associated with point defects in MWCNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The possibility, however, of defect-induced linking of vicinal tubes is a key difference between MWCNTs and SWCNTs and gives rise to important features in the dynamics of defects in the former systems. Evidence for the role of point defects has appeared in experiments [15-18] and molecular dynamics simulations [19-24]. Distinct defect-related features that have been discussed in past computational studies are the mechanical load transfer and oscillation damping in MWCNT-based NEMS [19-24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect-related hysteresis in nanotube-based nano-electromechanical systems

Tsetseris

Pantelides

2011

Nanoscale Res Lett

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The electronic properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) depend on the positions of their walls with respect to neighboring shells. This fact can enable several applications of MWCNTs as nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS). In this article, we report the findings of a first-principles study on the stability and dynamics of point defects in double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) and their role in the response of the host systems under inter-tube displacement. Key defect-related effects, namely, sudden energy changes and hysteresis, are identified, and their relevance to a host of MWCNT-based NEMS is highlighted. The results also demonstrate the dependence of these effects on defect clustering and chirality of DWCNT shells.

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“…For oscillators based on the relative vibrations of the walls of a DWNT, Q-factor lies in the range of 10 to 1000 (see Ref. [21] and therein), for resonators based on suspended nanotubes Q = 40 − 1000 (Refs. [22][23][24]), and for resonators based on cantilever nanotubes Q = 150 − 2500 (Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Frequency Electromechanical Memory Cells Based on Telescoping Carbon Nanotubes

Popov¹,

Lozovik²,

As³

et al. 2010

J. Nanosci. Nanotech.

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A new method to increase the operational frequency of electromechanical memory cells based on the telescoping motion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes through the selection of the form of the switching voltage pulse is proposed. The relative motion of the walls of carbon nanotubes can be controlled through the shape of the interwall interaction energy surface. This allows the use of the memory cells in nonvolatile or volatile regime, depending on the structure of carbon nanotube. Simulations based on ab initio and semi-empirical calculations of the interwall interaction energies are used to estimate the switching voltage and the operational frequency of volatile cells with the electrodes made of carbon nanotubes. The lifetime of nonvolatile memory cells is also predicted.

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Dissipation and fluctuations in nanoelectromechanical systems based on carbon nanotubes

Cited by 25 publications

References 60 publications

Molecular dynamics simulation of the self-retracting motion of a graphene flake

Molecular dynamics simulation of the self-retracting motion of a graphene flake

Defect-related hysteresis in nanotube-based nano-electromechanical systems

High Frequency Electromechanical Memory Cells Based on Telescoping Carbon Nanotubes

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