Dissimilar friction stir welding of AISI 430 ferritic and AISI 304L austenitic stainless steels

Emami, S.; Sadeghi-Kanani, S.; Saeid, T.; Khan, Fahd Nawaz

doi:10.1007/s43452-020-00138-7

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Similar voids, due to martensite induced fusion line cracking were observed by Saha et al [81]. In D250 fractured region (figure 17 (c)), voids formed due to concentration of stresses in the corner of the grains [82], and ruptures were observed. For D350 (figure 17 (d)), coarse dimples due to diffusion of voids along the grain boundary and for D450 (figure 17 (e)), voids and pullouts due to grain boundary sliding and dislocation slip was observed [83,84].…”

Section: Evaluation Of Bend Fracturessupporting

confidence: 80%

Mechanical characteristics and stretch-bend failure analysis on ultra high frequency pulsed gas tungsten arc welded thin FSS 409/430 dissimilar joints

Nagarajan,

Marimuthu

2023

Mater. Res. Express

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The Mechanical and Stretch-Bend Failure studies on Ultra High Frequency Pulsed Gas Tungsten Arc Welded dissimilar joints of AISI409-AISI430 Ferritic Stainless Steels were conducted. Welding was conducted with 5 ultra high frequencies (50 Hz, 150 Hz, 250 Hz, 350 Hz, 450 Hz). Mechanical characteristics evaluation on the joints included tensile strength, microhardness variations across the welds and creep. Microstructural and metallurgical investigations included weld cross section evaluation, comparing grain variations in high, medium and low thermal heat affected zones, weld zones and base material region. Stretch bend failure studies included studies on angular distortion, fracture limit strain, and coefficient of friction. Tests revealed that joints welded at 350Hz was better, compared to other joints. Dissimilar AISI409-AISI430 joint fabricated at 350Hz exhibited 267 + 3 MPa as yield and 409 + 6 MPa and as ultimate tensile strength. Its creep fracture duration was 72.7 mins (highest among the joints). Microstructural studies revealed grain growth, partially coarse and partially fine grains in heat affected zones. Depending on the difference in grain sizes, on both sides of the welds, heat affected regions were identified as three distinct zones. In AISI430 side; high temperature austenitic, martensitic, delta ferrites and in AISI409 side; needle like martensitic structures, mixture of ferritic-austenitic, δ-ferrite with carbide precipitation were found in high, medium and low thermal heat affected zones, respectively. On increasing the ultra high frequency pulses, angular distortion increased, fractures changed from tensile/shear type to mixed type. In shear bend tests, on increasing the ratio of radius: thickness, fracture limit strain on outer surface, across sheet thickness, due to stretching increased.

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Section: Evaluation Of Bend Fracturessupporting

confidence: 80%

Mechanical characteristics and stretch-bend failure analysis on ultra high frequency pulsed gas tungsten arc welded thin FSS 409/430 dissimilar joints

Nagarajan,

Marimuthu

2023

Mater. Res. Express

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“…e existence of approximately equal volumes of austenite and ferrite phases in the stir zone was reported in a study of dissimilar FSW of 304 ferritic and austenitic steels, which contributed to the creation of defect-free joints [28]. e weld joints fabricated with a higher tool rotational speed of 2300 rpm and minimum tool traveling speed of 40 mm/min exhibited the highest tensile and hardness values due to equalsized fine grain particles distributed in the weld region.…”

Section: Macro-and Microstructural Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Microstructural and Mechanical Behaviors of Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar AA6082-AA7075 Joints

Sezhian¹,

Giridharan²,

Pushpanathan³

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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In this research, microstructural events and mechanical behaviors in dissimilar friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminium (Al) alloy AA6082-AA7075 joints have been evaluated to apply aerospace, defense, and military sectors. FSW parametric effects have a more significant impact on the mechanical performances and microstructure of produced joints. FSW tool rotational speed, welding speed, and tool plunge speed were chosen to make the weld joints. The rotational tool speeds of 1600 rpm and 2300 rpm, welding speeds of 40 mm/min and 60 mm/min, and tool plunge speeds of 20 mm/min and 30 mm/min were set as the upper and lower limits. A constant axial force of 5 kN was maintained throughout the joint fabrication process. A taper pin-profiled tool was utilized to produce the butt welded joints. Mechanical properties of microhardness, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and bending strength of the joints were analyzed. The response of the stir zone microstructure to processing parameters was evaluated using optical microscopy (OM) and fractographic analysis of a tensile specimen shown by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The weld joints produced at 2300 rpm, tool traveling rate of 40 mm/min, and tool plunge speed of 30 mm/min showed the greatest tensile strength of the 191 MPa hardness of 145 Hv at the weld center and also the maximum bending strength of 114.23 N/mm2 was achieved. The lowest bending strength of 25.38 N/mm2 was obtained at 1600 rpm with 60 mm/min due to inappropriate mixing of the base metals and poor joint quality. Furthermore, this study revealed that a higher tool plunge speed facilitates the formation of equiaxed grains in the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) on the advancing side (AS). Additionally, the increment in tool rotational speed significantly improved the tensile strength, weld joint quality, and joint efficiency.

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“…Another typical example of such joints is commonly found in TiCl 4 reduction retorts where ASS due to good creep strength and oxidation resistance at higher temperatures is dissimilarly welded with FSS to avoid the leaching of nickel by molten magnesium. 5 TP 347 HFG is one of the stabilized stainless steels which contain Niobium Nb, have strong affinity with carbon than Cr and thus results in NbC. The formation of NbC could help in avoiding chromium impoverishment due to the chromium carbide precipitation and in fact, the sensitization could be controlled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Friction stir welding process with a little deviation of welding tool nearby the ferritic sample, was used to join AISI 430 ferritic with AISI 304L austenitic stainless steels, a defect-free joint was obtained at ferritic sample side under a tool rotational speed of 560 rpm and welding speed of 50 mm/min, the yield strength of the joint was also found comparable with that of the austenitic sample against decreasing in elongation percent resulted from deformation resistance. 5 In another investigation 11 when high temperature application is required to be used, it was found that the tensile properties of dissimilar welding between reduced activation ferritic -martensitic steel and 316 L austenitic steels at 550°C were as follows: The yield strength of the joint is around 250 MPa, and the ultimate tensile strength of the joint surpasses 450 MPa which is approximately equal to that of 316 L base metal, in addition to exhibiting good ductility reach to 17% in 550°C tensile tests, this surely improve the successful of dissimilar weld joint by using solid state welding methods in such application. The position of specimens in friction stir welding has also an effect on strength and elongation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of parameters in rotary friction welding process of dissimilar austenitic and ferritic stainless steel using finite element analysis

Mattie

Ezdeen

Khidhir

2023

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Solid state joining techniques are increasingly used in joining different types of materials, in this work TP347HFG austenitic stainless steel will be welded with HiPerFer ferritic stainless-steel alloy due to their similarity in their properties to some extent after making heat treatment to ferritic alloy in addition to difference in their cost which save for economic reasons. In this work, a three-dimensional finite element model was developed. The thermal analysis and profiles between process parameters were predicted by using an ANSYS software tool. Design of experiments by Anova was used to examinate the simulation results and to evaluate contribution ratio of each parameter on responses, while grey relational analysis was used to specify the optimum trial. It was observed that trial 11 give best results (A4B2C1D1) which got higher grey relational grade. It was concluded that the friction pressure and friction time have more impact on interface temperature, whereas forging pressure and friction time affect the equivalent Von-Mises stress directly. The speed and forging pressure have a more influence on total deformation. It was also concluded that the temperature was fade out by diverging toward the end of specimen and the amount of decrease in temperature is less in ferritic side. The amount of flash extruded from both steels are approximately similar due to similarity in properties as heat treatment of ferritic alloy had been achieved. The investigation results show that trial 8 achieved highest Von-Mises stress (300 MPa) while trial 7 induced lower stress (255 MPa), maximum deformation was found equivalent to 0.012 mm with trial 16 whereas, it was found (0.008 mm) with trial 11 which were both less than the allowable deformation in end application. Tensile strength of weld joint was found equivalent to 80% of softer base metal. The hardness of optimum trial was equivalent to 156 HB.

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Dissimilar friction stir welding of AISI 430 ferritic and AISI 304L austenitic stainless steels

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Mechanical characteristics and stretch-bend failure analysis on ultra high frequency pulsed gas tungsten arc welded thin FSS 409/430 dissimilar joints

Mechanical characteristics and stretch-bend failure analysis on ultra high frequency pulsed gas tungsten arc welded thin FSS 409/430 dissimilar joints

Microstructural and Mechanical Behaviors of Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar AA6082-AA7075 Joints

Optimization of parameters in rotary friction welding process of dissimilar austenitic and ferritic stainless steel using finite element analysis

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