Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis caused by <i>Cyphellophora ludoviensis</i>: A novel case report from Iran

Layegh, Pouran; Meibodi, Naser Tayyebi; Razmyar, Mohammad; Armaki, Mojtaba Taghizadeh; Zarrinfar, Hossein

doi:10.1111/ajd.13262

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…As a life-threatening opportunistic infection, the incidence of deep fungal infection has increased in recent years ( 1 , 14 , 15 ). Recent studies have shown that 1.5 million people die from fungal infections worldwide each year, which is similar to the number of deaths caused by tuberculosis each year ( 16 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Wen

Yang

Dong

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundDeep fungal infection is a type of life-threatening opportunistic infection. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years. This infection can affect the prognosis of patients, prolong hospital stays and raise costs for patients and their families.ObjectiveWe aimed to understand the current situation of deep fungal infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of deep fungal infections.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 528,743 cases in the hospital from 2015 to 2019, including the epidemiological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of deep fungal infections.ResultsA total of 274 cases (0.05%) with deep fungal infections were identified, accounting for 0.05% of the total number of hospitalizations. The incidence of deep fungal infections in the hospital showed an increasing trend from 2015 to 2019. The most commonly infected site was the respiratory tract (93.07%). Among patients with deep fungal infections, 266 specimens were positive for fungal culture, by which 161 cultured Candida albicans (C. albicans), accounting for 60.53%, the main pathogen causing deep fungal infection. From 2015 to 2019, the percentage of C. albicans cases showed a downward trend, while that of non-C. albicans showed an opposite trend. Antibiotics were the most common predisposing factor for deep fungal infections (97.45%). Among the underlying diseases of patients with deep fungal infections, infectious diseases (59.49%) were the most common. Those with underlying diseases such as renal insufficiency and neurological diseases had a worse prognosis. Indwelling catheters, nervous system disease and tumors were risk factors for a poor prognosis.ConclusionsWe report for the first time the epidemiological data of deep fungal infections in a general hospital in southwestern China from 2015 to 2019. In the past 5 years, the number of patients with deep fungal infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University has been increasing. Although the clinical data are limited, these results can provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of deep fungal infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bloodstream infections caused by non- C. albicans spp. are difficult to treat due to antifungal drug resistance and have a high mortality rate ( 10 – 14 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Wen

Yang

Dong

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Phaeohyphomycosis (PHM) is a group of superficial and deep mycoses, including central nervous system (CNS) infections, pulmonary infections, cutaneous and subcutaneous infections, associated with high mortality and caused by dematiaceous fungi that have brown-pigmented cell walls due to the formation of melanin. 1 , 2 Previously, fungal brain infections generally occurred in immunocompromised patients and the pathogenic fungi were various. However, over half of the cerebral phaeohyphomycosis cases were reported in immunocompetent patients in a comprehensive review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Susceptibility and Biological Characteristics of Fonsecaea monophora Causing Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis in Jinhua, China

Bi,

Xu,

Zong

et al. 2023

IDR

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Background The management of cerebral abscesses caused by dark-pigmented Fonsecaea monophora in healthy individuals continues to be challenging due to no consensus on the therapeutic regimen. Due to the absence of an accurate identification method, Fonsecaea species are often misidentified due to indistinct morphology features. Materials and Methods An F. monophora strain from an immunocompetent host with cerebral abscess was collected and identified by ITS rDNA molecular sequencing. The ITS sequences of the isolate were compared with that of the other ten Chinese F. monophora isolates obtained from GenBank for difference comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Fluorescence, Gram stains, and medan lactate were used to observe the colonial morphology. Antifungal susceptibility testing was implemented to demonstrate the antibiotic susceptibility profile. Galleria mellonella larvae were used as a model to study virulence of F. monophora . Medical records and clinical data of the patient were collected and analyzed. Results Antifungal susceptibility testing indicated that triazole antifungal drugs possess remarkable antifungal effect against F. monophora , and satisfactory antifungal effect of itraconazole was corresponding to the drug susceptibility results. Compared with the GM test, the serum G test was found to be more sensitive. The virulence and melanization in G. mellonella models for F. monophora were observed, and the death rates of infected larvae were positively related to injected concentrations of fungus. The phylogenetic tree was constructed from the ITS sequences of the clinical isolate along with ten Chinese F. monophora isolates, revealing that there is high relatedness in F. monophora strains collected from China. Conclusion F. monophora is an important neurotropic dematiaceous fungus and increasingly causing disease in immunocompetent individuals by means of noninvasive ways. Fungal culture, stainings, and molecular methods could be utilized to identify the etiologic agent. Triazole antifungal drugs can be applied as empiric therapeutic agents for phaeohyphomycosis.

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Cyphellophora laciniata: A new etiological agent of chromoblastomycosis

León-Lara

Atoche²,

Arenas

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Mycology

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Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cyphellophora ludoviensis: A novel case report from Iran

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Deep Fungal Infections Among General Hospital Inpatients in Southwestern China: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Antifungal Susceptibility and Biological Characteristics of Fonsecaea monophora Causing Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis in Jinhua, China

Cyphellophora laciniata: A new etiological agent of chromoblastomycosis

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