“…However, it is reported that when carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were attached to the surface of spherical oxide nanoparticles (Huang et al [44]) then the thermal conductivity was significantly enforced (Han et al [45]) due to the strong thermal action among the CNTs attached to the alumina/iron oxide particle. On the other hand, nanoencapsulated phase change material has been utilized [46] for free convection in a porous, wavy enclosure. For a better comprehension, Suresh et al [39] discovered that for a hybrid Al 2 O 3 -Cu/deionized water nanofluid with a "0.1% volume concentration", the Nusselt number "was 13.56% greater than that of water at Reynold number (Re) = 1730".…”
The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection of heat and mass transfer is carried out using finite difference method applied inside a tilted porous cavity saturated with a hybrid nanofluid due to the presence of the double-moving lid and the heat sources. In contrast to the earlier research, various effects which are recognized by heat generation in the local thermal non-equilibrium case at the extended Brinkman Darcy model subjected to inclined magnetic field are thoroughly examined numerically. For instance, unusual observations of the cold mass surrounding the heat source emphasize that the maximum fluid temperature highly depends on the forced convection. Additionally, solid-phase temperature acts in accordance to the heat source location while fluid temperature is agitated by the moveable sides which points up the disparity at the thermal energy transportation. However, the transfer of heat and mass at the model requires a specific conduct due to the existence of damping factors. The magnetic field, for example, suppresses the fluid flow. Moreover, the thermal non-equilibrium condition deteriorates the global heat generation.
“…However, it is reported that when carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were attached to the surface of spherical oxide nanoparticles (Huang et al [44]) then the thermal conductivity was significantly enforced (Han et al [45]) due to the strong thermal action among the CNTs attached to the alumina/iron oxide particle. On the other hand, nanoencapsulated phase change material has been utilized [46] for free convection in a porous, wavy enclosure. For a better comprehension, Suresh et al [39] discovered that for a hybrid Al 2 O 3 -Cu/deionized water nanofluid with a "0.1% volume concentration", the Nusselt number "was 13.56% greater than that of water at Reynold number (Re) = 1730".…”
The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection of heat and mass transfer is carried out using finite difference method applied inside a tilted porous cavity saturated with a hybrid nanofluid due to the presence of the double-moving lid and the heat sources. In contrast to the earlier research, various effects which are recognized by heat generation in the local thermal non-equilibrium case at the extended Brinkman Darcy model subjected to inclined magnetic field are thoroughly examined numerically. For instance, unusual observations of the cold mass surrounding the heat source emphasize that the maximum fluid temperature highly depends on the forced convection. Additionally, solid-phase temperature acts in accordance to the heat source location while fluid temperature is agitated by the moveable sides which points up the disparity at the thermal energy transportation. However, the transfer of heat and mass at the model requires a specific conduct due to the existence of damping factors. The magnetic field, for example, suppresses the fluid flow. Moreover, the thermal non-equilibrium condition deteriorates the global heat generation.
“…Investigation of magneto-hydrodynamic fluid squeezed between two parallel disks by considering Joule heating, thermal radiation, and adding different nanoparticles was investigated by Dogonchi et al [24] The results show that the fluid velocity increases with increasing suction parameter, while the temperature profile decreases with increasing suction parameter. There have been published several recent numerical studies on the modeling of Magnetohydrodynamic and heat transfert [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”
The Classical Fourier's theory of heat flux is well-known in continuum physics and thermal sciences. However, the primary inconvenience of this law is that it contradicts the principle of causality. To investigate the thermal relaxation time characteristic, Cattaneo–Christov theory is assumed thermally. In this regard, the characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convective flows of Casson nanofluids between two fixed impermeable parallel plates are revealed analytically and numerically. the resulting system of partial differential equations is changed via practical transformations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. An advanced numerical algorithm is utilised in this study to get higher approximations for velocity and temperature fields, in addition to their corresponding wall gradients. For validating our numerical code, the current outcomes are compared with the other methods utilized in this work Akbari Ganji Method and Homotopy Perturbation Method. Moreover, it is revealed that the velocity field decreases for large values of casson and magnetic parametre. we can also see that Casson nanofluid is accelerated in case of lower yield strength. Larger values of thermal relaxation parameters create a lessening trend in the temperature distribution. The results of this study can help engineers improve, and researchers can conduct research faster and easier on this type of problem. also This work helps researchers to master the theoretical calculation of this type of problem.
“…Recently, scientists and engineers from different fields focused on the development of various improved thermal models in varying geometries. These analysed by Chamkha et al, 27 Eshaghi et al, 28 Dogonchi et al 29 and Afshar et al 30 and studies described therein will cover the literature.…”
Applications: The interaction of nanoparticles and base solvents of different nature attained much interest of the researchers in the recent time. These use in medication, detection of cancer cells, applied thermal engineering, and electrical and mechanical engineering. Among the broad range of applications, investigation of nanofluid through converging/diverging channel is important which is of much interest in the field of medical sciences. Purpose and methodology: The core purpose of this study is to introduce a new heat transfer model for two natures of nanofluids with bi host solvents. The model in hand achieved through nanofluid expressions, similarity equations and induction of novel dissipation effects. At later stage, numerical treatment is performed to explore the actual behaviour of nanofluids inside the oblique walls which is very important. Core findings: From the drawn results, it is found that the motion could be controlled by expanding the channel walls ([Formula: see text]) and high Re and in Al2O3-H2O it is optimum. The nanofluids based on Al2O3 and C2H6O2 have much ability to transmit heat than the other nanofluids. Moreover, dissipation effects ([Formula: see text]) played significant role and boosted the temperature while keeping [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Also, the study is validated and achieved good agreement between existing and the current study.
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