Applications The nanofluids and their upgraded version (ternary and tetra nanofluids) have a very rich thermal mechanism and convinced engineers and industrialist because of their dominant characteristics. These broadly use in chemical, applied thermal, mechanical engineering, and biotechnology. Particularly, heat transfer over a cylindrical surface is important in automobiles and heavy machinery. Purpose and Methodology Keeping in front the heat transfer applications, a model for Tetra-Composite Nanofluid [(Al2O3-CuO-TiO2-Ag)/water]tetra is developed over a vertically oriented cylinder in this study. The existing traditional model was modified with innovative effects of nonlinear thermal radiations, magnetic field, absorber surface of the cylinder, and effective thermophysical characteristics of tetra nanofluid. Then, a new heat transfer model was achieved successfully after performing some mathematical operations. Major Findings The mathematical analysis was performed via RK and determined the results graphically. The study gives suitable parametric ranges for high thermal efficiency and fluid movement. Applied magnetics forces were observed excellent to control the fluid motion, whereas curvature and buoyancy forces favor the motion. Thermal mechanism in Tetra nanofluid is dominant over ternary nanoliquid and nonlinear thermal radiations increased the heat transfer rate.
The investigation of thermal transport in the nanofluid attained much interest of the researchers due to their extensive applications in automobile, mechanical engineering, radiators, aerodynamics, and many other industries. Therefore, a nanofluid model is developed for γAl2O3-C2H6O2 by incorporating the novel effects of Effective Prandtl Number Model (EPNM), thermal radiations, and convective heat condition. The model discussed numerically and furnished the results against the governing flow quantities. It is examined that the nanofluid velocity alters significantly due to combined convection and stretching parameter. Induction of thermal radiation in the model significantly contributed in the temperature of nanofluids and high temperature is observed by strengthen thermal radiation (Rd) parameter. Further, convection from the surface (convective heat condition) provided extra energy to the fluid particles which boosts the temperature of γAl2O3-C2H6O2. The comparison of nanofluid (γAl2O3-C2H6O2) temperature with base fluid (C2H6O2) revealed that γAl2O3-C2H6O2 has high temperature and would be fruitful for future industrial applications. Moreover, the study is validated with previously reported literature and found reliability of the study.
The numerical exploration of the dynamics of hybrid type nanofluid (Cu-Al2O3)/water over a fascinating domain of stretching/shrinking porous wedge is performed. The problem is designed and studied numerically by fluctuating the flow parameters. From the results, dominant behavior of stretching/shrining and suction/injection parameters observed on the velocity field. These are prominent at the wedge surface due to significant influence of suction/injection and stretchable characteristics of wedge. Further study revealed that (Cu-Al2O3)/water has better conductive characteristics than normal Cu/water due to optimum dominant thermophysical values of hybrid nanoparticles. The temperature drops prominently for [Formula: see text] with stretching of wedge. Further, injecting fluid from the wedge surface favors the temperature variations. Finally, the results aligned with published data under certain feasible conditions and found that the conducted study is valid.
The analysis of nanofluid dynamics in a bounded domain attained much attention of the researchers, engineers, and industrialists. These fluids became much popular in the researcher’s community due to their broad uses regarding the heat transfer in various industries and fluid flowing in engine and in aerodynamics as well. Therefore, the analysis of Cu-kerosene oil and Cu-water is organized between two Riga plates with the novel effects of thermal radiations and surface convection. The problem reduced in the form of dimensionless system and then solved by employing variational iteration and variation of parameter methods. For the sake of validity, the results checked with numerical scheme and found to be excellent. Further, it is examined that the nanofluids move slowly by strengthen Cu fraction factor. The temperature of Cu-kerosene oil and Cu-water significantly rises due to inducing thermal radiations and surface convection. The behaviour of shear stresses is in reverse proportion with the primitive parameters, and local Nusselt number increases due to varying thermal radiations, Biot number, and fraction factor, respectively.
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