Dissection of barley chromosome 4H in common wheat by the gametocidal system and cytological mapping of chromosome 4H with EST markers

Abstract

We used two gametocidal (Gc) chromosomes 2C and 3CSAT to dissect barley chromosome 4H added to common wheat. The Gc chromosome induced chromosomal structural rearrangements in the progeny of the 4H addition line of common wheat carrying the monosomic Gc chromosome. We conducted in situ hybridization to select plants carrying rearranged 4H chromosomes and characterized the rearranged chromosomes by sequential C-banding and in situ hybridization. We established 60 dissection lines of common wheat carrying single rearranged 4H chromosomes. The rearranged 4H chromosomes had either a deletion or a translocation or a complicated structural change. The breakpoints were distributed in the short arm, centromere and the long arm at a rough ratio of 2:2:1. We conducted PCR analysis using the dissection lines and 93 EST markers specific to chromosome 4H. Based on the PCR result, we constructed a cytological map of chromosome 4H with 18 regions separated by the breakpoints of the rearranged chromosomes. Thirty-seven markers were present in the short arm and 56 in the long arm, and about 70% of the markers were present in no more than the distal 25.6% and 43.1% regions of the short and long arms, respectively. It is noteworthy that nine of the short-arm markers and 13 of the long-arm markers existed in the small subtelomeric regions at both ends characterized by the HvT01 sequences. We reconstructed a genetic map using 38 of the 93 markers that was used to construct the cytological map of chromosome 4H. The order of the markers on the genetic map was almost the same as that on the cytological map. On the genetic map, no markers were available in the pericentromeric region, but on the cytological map, 14 markers were present in the proximal region, and one of the markers was in the centromeric region of the short arm.

Dissection and cytological mapping of barley chromosome 2H in the genetic background of common wheat

“…40% of the 2HL arm. These facts suggested that the EST markers or genes on chromosomes 2H were more abundant in the distal region than in the proximal region in either arm, as observed for the other barley chromosomes (Künzel et al, 2000;Nasuda et al, 2005;Ashida et al, 2007;Sakai et al, 2009;Sakata et al, 2010). This tendency was obvious in the subtelomeric regions.…”

“…Using the Gc chromosome as a tool of chromosome manipulation, Endo and Gill (1996) produced an array of deletion stocks of common wheat, Endo (1999, 2000) proved the possibility of producing deletion stocks of barley chromosomes in the genetic background of common wheat, and Endo et al (1994) and Friebe et al (2000) demonstrated that the Gc system induce rearrangements in rye chromosomes added to common wheat. Using the Gc system different researchers so far produced arrays of barley dissection lines of common wheat carrying rearranged chromosomes containing barley chromatin derived from single barley chromosomes and constructed cytological maps for barley chromosomes: 3H with ESTs (Sakai et al, 2009), 4H with ESTs (Sakata et al, 2010), 5H with ESTs (Ashida et al, 2007), 7H with AFLPs and STSs (Serizawa et al, 2001), 7H with AFLPs and SSRs (Masoudi-Nejad et al, 2005), and 7H with ESTs .…”

Dissection of barley chromosomes 1H and 6H by the gametocidal system

“…Using the Gc system, Endo and his colleagues have dissected the barley chromosomes in the addition lines of common wheat (Shi and Endo, 1997, 1999, and constructed cytological maps for five barley chromosomes using various DNA markers: 2H with ESTs (Joshi et al, 2011), 3H with ESTs (Sakai et al, 2009), 4H with ESTs (Sakata et al, 2010), 5H with ESTs (Ashida et al, 2007), 7H with AFLPs and STSs (Serizawa et al, 2001), 7H with AFLPs and SSR (Masoudi-Nejad et al, 2005), and 7H with ESTs .…”

Dissection of rye chromosomes by the gametocidal system

“…Till now, cytological maps, the lowest-resolution physical chromosome maps, have been constructed in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) (Werner et al, 1992;Kota et al, 1993;Delaney et al, 1995aDelaney et al, , 1995bMickelson-Young et al, 1995;Gill et al, 1996aGill et al, , 1996bRandhawa et al, 2004;Hossain et al, 2004;Qi et al, 2004) by using a series of the deletion stocks of common wheat (Endo and Gill, 1996). Cytological maps have also been constructed in barley (Hordeum vulgare L., 2n = 2x = 14, HH) by using a series of dissection lines of common wheat carrying barley deletion chromosomes or barley-wheat translocations (Shi and Endo, 1999;Nasuda et al, 2005;Ashida et al, 2007;Sakai et al, 2009;Sakata et al, 2010;Joshi et al, 2011). The wheat stocks and alien dissection lines were generated by the gametocidal (Gc) system using chromosomes 2C from Aegilops cylindrica or 3C…”