Dissection of barley chromosomes 1H and 6H by the gametocidal system

Abstract

We dissected barley chromosomes 1H and 6H added to common wheat by the gametocidal system and identified structural changes of the chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization and genomic in situ hybridization. We found five aberrations of chromosome 1H, all of which lacked the long arm: one small fragment with the subtelomeric HvT01 sequence, one terminal deletion, and three telocentric chromosomes of the short arm. We established 33 dissection lines carrying single aberrant 6H chromosomes, of which 15 were deletions, 16 were translocations and two were isochromosomes. We conducted PCR analysis of the aberrant barley chromosomes using 75 and 81 EST markers specific to chromosomes 1H and 6H, respectively. This enabled us to construct a cytological map of chromosome 6H and to compare it to the previously reported genetic map and also to the physical map, which were released by the International Barley Genome Sequencing Consortium. The marker orders on the three maps were largely in agreement. The cytological map had better resolution in the proximal region of chromosome 6H than the corresponding genetic map. We discuss some of the discrepancies in marker order between the three maps that might be due to intraspecific polymorphism and gene duplication, as well as to technical problems inherent in the physical mapping process.

An Update of Recent Use of Aegilops Species in Wheat Breeding

“…Mild effect Gc genes and some chemicals can also induce random translocations, much like irradiation. Even though it is not for breeding purposes, the Gc system has been used for producing translocations of wheat-rye and wheat-barley (Joshi et al, 2013; Li et al, 2013; Ishihara et al, 2014).…”

Physical Location of New PCR-Based Markers and Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene(s) on Rye (Secale cereale L.) Chromosome 4 Using 4R Dissection Lines

“…An array of chromosome deletion stocks have been used to construct physical maps of common wheat ( Endo and Gill, 1996 ). Many molecular markers were physically located on specific segments of barley chromosomes ( Ashida et al, 2007 ; Sakata et al, 2010 ; Ishihara et al, 2014 ). Pu et al (2015) obtained a series of structural aberrations of Thinopyrum bessarabicum chromosome 4J and used them to physically map 101 4J-specific markers and the blue-grained gene Bathb .…”

Transmission of the Aegilops ovata chromosomes carrying gametocidal factors in hexaploid triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) hybrids

“…Up to now, the process of preferential transmission of chromosomes carrying gametocidal ( Gc ) factors that originated from Aegilops species were reported only considering the wheat genetic background (Finch et al 1984 ; Friebe et al 1999 ; Kynast et al 2000 ; Endo 2007 ; Ishihara et al 2014 ). Here, we report novel data about the behaviour of Ae.…”