“…First, an Aspergillus fumigatus mutant strain lacking CgrA, a key thermotolerance regulator, was hypovirulent in mice but fully virulent in Toll-deficient Drosophila. 47 Therefore, because flies are infected and maintained at 29°C, certain aspects of fungal virulence in mammals may not be accurately modeled in this organism; Galleria, which can be maintained at 37°C, the mammalian physiologic temperature, may be used instead, taking into account however that increasing the temperature of Galleria to 37°C itself alters cellular and humoral immune responses. 48,49 Second, the alb1-deficient Aspergillus fumigatus mutant, which is hypovirulent in mice and flies, 11,50 was hypervirulent in Galleria, in which it appears to trigger dysregulated immunopathology.…”