Disposable biosensor based on platinum nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide-laccase biocomposite for the determination of total polyphenolic content

Laccase biosensors based on different enzyme immobilization strategies for phenolic compounds determination

“…Recent advances in this field are related to the development of new support matrix as suitable platforms (most of them including nanomaterials) for enzymes immobilization, which lead to biosensors with improved analytical properties. So, in recent works, laccase has been immobilized by direct adsorption, covalent binding or entrapment onto: epoxy resin membranes [9], mesoporous materials with well-controlled pore structures [10,17], multi-walled carbon nanotubes paste electrodes [18], nanocomposites formed by chitosan and carbon nanotubes [19], copper-containing ordered mesoporous carbon chitosan matrix [8], pyrenehexanoic acid-modified hierarchical carbon microfibers/carbon nanotubes composite electrodes [16], polyvinyl alcohol photopolymers [20], sol-gel matrix of 5 diglycerylsilane [21], 3-mercaptopropionic acid self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrodes [22], cysteine self-assembled monolayer and quantum dots modified gold electrodes [23], nanocomposites of silver nanoparticles and zinc oxide nanoparticles electrochemically deposited onto gold electrodes [24], platinum nanoparticles and reduced graphene composites deposited onto screen printed electrodes [25], polyethyleneimine coated gold-nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrodes…”

Molybdenum disulphide and graphene quantum dots as electrode modifiers for laccase biosensor

“…In recent years, laccase based biosensors are becoming relevant for areas like food analysis and environmental monitoring due to their properties such as fast response time, low-cost, low reagents consumption and the most important one, the possibility to use them in field. The ability of laccase to catalyse the one-electron oxidation of different polyphenols has been used to develop laccase based electrochemical biosensors for the determination of polyphenolic index in wines (García-Guzmán et al, 2015;Lanzellotto et al, 2014), in tea infusions (Cortina-Puig et al, 2010;Eremia et al, 2013) and tea leaves extracts (Rawal et al, 2012) as well as for the determination of environmental pollutants (Brondani et al, 2013;Nazari et al, 2015;Oliveira et al, 2013).…”

“…The tendency in the field of electrochemical biosensors is substituting the organic redox mediators with different nanomaterials such as noble metal nanoparticles (Radoi et al, 2011), carbon derived materials (Eremia et al, 2013;Karimi-Maleh et al, 2013;Karimi-Maleh et al, 2014) and transition-metal dichalcogenides and thus immobilising the enzyme at the electrode surface promoting the development of third-generation biosensors. Therefore attention has to be paid in order to obtain an efficient electron transport between the electrode and the redox active sites of the enzyme, as enzymes may exhibit reluctant electron transfer at the surface of conventional electrodes.…”

Voltammetric determination of polyphenolic content as rosmarinic acid equivalent in tea samples using pencil graphite electrodes

“…On the other hand, electrochemical methods of analysis are simpler, cheaper, more rapid and can be used either in turbid or colored solutions. Some biosensors using redox enzymes like peroxidase and laccase or/and tyrosinase have been developed for the evaluation of the TPC total polyphenolic content expressed as rosmarinic acid equivalents (Brondani et al 2011;Diaconu et al 2011;Litescu et al 2010;Eremia et al 2013) in different samples such as pharmaceuticals, olive oil, tea or plant extracts. RA was preferred as reference in these determinations, being redox recycled between the redox enzyme (enzymatic oxidation) and the electrode (electrochemical reduction).…”