Disponibilidades climáticas para macieira na região de Vacaria, RS

Cardoso, Loana Silveira; Bergamaschi, Homero; Bosco, Leosane Cristina; Paula, Viviane Aires de; Marodin, Gilmar Arduíno Bettio; Casamali, Bruno; Nachtigall, G. R.

doi:10.1590/s0103-84782012005000097

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…For kiwi, Morley-Bunker and Salinger (1987) estimated 7.5°C as the basal minimum temperature and Green (2007) defined 10°C as the temperature below which the crop's growth is negligible or null; these values are within the range obtained for the Hayward kiwi late cultivar in this study, but contrast with the reference value of 4.5°C proposed by Richardson et al (1975). The present study highlights many instances of Tb differing among fruit species, confirming the inexistence of a single lower thermal threshold for temperate fruit tree growth, supporting the inadvisability of the generic 4.5°C Tb standard so extensively employed for temperate fruit trees (RICHARDSON et al, 1975;BERGAMASCHI, 2007;CARDOSO et al, 2012). Additionally, differentiating the Tb data by the genotypes' precocity illustrates differences never previously considered in the scientific literature.…”

Section: 2supporting

confidence: 84%

“…There will always be discrepancies in estimates for such models when used at sites or during seasons with different thermal conditions. According to Cardoso et al (2012), using the degree-day sum based on accumulated energy above a certain Tb has comprehensive use in simulating phenological development and plant growth. Although water and photoperiod can also affect plant phenology, in most crops, the thermal time has a direct relationship with plant development (MILLER et al, 2001).…”

Section: Estimated Phenology Of the Temperate Fruit Trees Based On Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the vegetative period, plants respond to the accumulation of air temperature, or thermal time, measured in in degree-days (SOUZA et al, 2011a;CARDOSO et al, 2012). This model represents an integration of the effective temperatures for plant growth, fixed between two thermal thresholds: the base temperature (Tb) and the ceiling temperature (Tc) (BERGAMASCHI, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Base temperature as a function of genotype: a foundation for modeling phenology of temperate fruit species

Anzanello

Biasi

2016

SCA

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To complete each phase of the growing season, plants must accumulate thermal time at lower base temperature (Tb). Little information exists on Tb variation between either fruit species or cultivars of the same species. We therefore aimed to determine the lower base temperature for contrasting genotypes in precocity of peach, plum, grape, pear, and kiwi. Twigs 25-35 cm long for the following cultivars: peach, Tropic Beauty (TB) and Eragil (ER); plum, Gulf Blaze (GB) and Letícia (LE); grape, Chardonnay (CH) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS); pear, Smith (SM) and Packham's (PA); and kiwi, Golden King (GK) and Hayward (HA) were collected in orchards in Veranópolis, RS Estate, on 06/13/2014, with 0 h at temperatures ≤ 7.2°C (chilling hours; H C ) in the field. Intact twigs packed in black plastic film were subjected to 1,008 H C at 0°C in incubators to overcome dormancy and then transferred to temperatures of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12°C on single-node cuttings planted in phenolic foam to define effective heat temperature for the genotypes. Over 110 d, budburst of the buds was evaluated in 2-3-d intervals in the green-tip stage. The resulting inverse data of number of days to budburst (1/days to budburst) was inserted into regression curves to estimate Tb for each genotype. Historical phonological series comprised of 10 years for the analyzed cultivars and meteorological data of the cultivation sites were used to determine thermal time (degree-days) for the fruit trees during the growing season, considering different phenological phases. Temperate fruit species exhibited different Tb behaviors: Tb was lower for early cultivars (TB and GB = 2.2°C; CH = 2.1°C; SM = 4.4°C; GK = 4.3°C) and higher for late cultivars (ER = 6.3°C; LE = 6.2°C; CS = 4.3°C; HA and PA = 8.2°C) for all cultures. The Tb f fruit cultivars related directly with genotype chilling requirements: the higher the chilling requirement, the higher the Tb of the cultivar. Cultivars of the same fruit species yielded a sum of degree-days almost equal to finalize the growing season, regardless of the degree of precocity (TB = 1720; ER = 1801; GB = 1680; LE = 1718; CH = 2310; CS = 2369; SM = 2096; PA = 2003 GD; GK = 2775; HA = 2691). Regarding phenological phases, 82% of the assessed cases responded more to thermal time (degree-days) than to chronological time (d) to complete phenological steps. Differences in Tb between genotypes are a relevant factor for improving the accuracy and applicability of phenology models in agriculture. Key words: Growing season. Dormancy. Thermal sum. Degree-days. ResumoPara completar cada subperíodo do ciclo vegetativo, as plantas necessitam de uma soma térmica acumulada a partir da temperatura-base inferior (Tb). Há pouca informação que mostre variação da Tb, considerando espécies e cultivares de uma mesma espécie frutífera. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a temperatura-base inferior para genótipos contrastantes em precocidade de pessegueiro, ameixeira, videira, pereira e quivizeiro. Estacas com 25-35 cm de comprimento das c...

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Section: 2supporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Estimated Phenology Of the Temperate Fruit Trees Based On Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Base temperature as a function of genotype: a foundation for modeling phenology of temperate fruit species

Anzanello

Biasi

2016

SCA

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“…Climate models predict a significant reduction of winter chill in the traditional apple producing regions of Brazil (Cardoso et al, 2012). Three possible scenarios predict increases in minimum temperature of 1ºC (optimistic), 3ºC (pessimistic), and 5.8ºC (very pessimistic) in the South of Brazil (Solomon et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations

Anzanello

Fialho

Santos

et al. 2014

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of heat waves on the evolution of bud dormancy, in apple trees with contrasting chilling requirements. Twigs of 'Castel Gala' and 'Royal Gala' were collected in orchards in Papanduva, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and were exposed to constant (3°C) or alternating (3 and 15°C for 12/12 hours) temperature, combined with zero, one or two days a week at 25°C. Two additional treatments were evaluated: constant temperature (3°C), with a heat wave of seven days at 25°C, in the beginning or in the middle of the experimental period. Periodically, part of the twigs was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation of apical and lateral buds. Endodormancy (dormancy induced by cold) was overcome with less than 330 chilling hours (CH) of constant cold in 'Castel Gala' and less than 618 CH in 'Royal Gala'. A daily 15°C-temperature cycle did not affect the endodormancy process. Heat waves during endodormancy resulted in an increased CH to achieve bud requirements. The negative effect of high temperature depended on the lasting of this condition. Chilling was partly cancelled during dormancy when the heat wave lasted 36 continuous hours or more. Therefore, budburst prediction models need adjustments, mainly for regions with mild and irregular winters, such as those of Southern Brazil.

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“…A temperatura média mensal oscila de 11,4ºC a 20,6ºC, e a precipitação pluvial média mensal varia de 101 a 174 mm (PEREIRA et al, 2009). O número médio de horas de frio abaixo de 7,2ºC é de 657 HF de maioagosto e de 759 HF de maio-setembro, com base no período de 1983de /2009de (CARDOSO et al, 2012.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Unidades De Frio Para Macieiras Na Região De Vacaria – Rs, Brasil

et al. 2015

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As macieiras necessitam de um período de acumulação de frio para a quebra da dormência das gemas. Neste estudo, as unidades de frioforam quantificadas por diferentes métodos de cálculo para a região de Vacaria-RS, Brasil, a fim de compará-las com as necessidades de macieiras ‘Gala’ e ‘Fuji’. As unidades de frio foram calculadas para o período de2000/2009, através dos seguintes métodos: Horas de Frio Ponderadas, Utah, Carolina do Norte, Utah Modificado e Carolina do Norte Modificado. Na região estudada, o número de unidades de frio apresenta altavariabilidade entre os anos, independentemente dos métodos de cálculo. Mesmo em anos com alta disponibilidade de horas de frio, o número de unidades de frio necessárias para a quebra de dormência em macieiras ‘Gala’ e ‘Fuji’ não é alcançado, naturalmente. Maio, junho e julho é o principal trimestre para acumular unidades de frio, durante o período de dormência de gemas de macieira.

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Disponibilidades climáticas para macieira na região de Vacaria, RS

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Base temperature as a function of genotype: a foundation for modeling phenology of temperate fruit species

Base temperature as a function of genotype: a foundation for modeling phenology of temperate fruit species

Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations

Unidades De Frio Para Macieiras Na Região De Vacaria – Rs, Brasil

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