Displacement and Local Extinction of Native and Endemic Species

Pyšek, Petr; Blackburn, Tim M.; García‐Berthou, Emili; Perglová, Irena; Rabitsch, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_10

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Hoffmann & Courchamp's suggestion that "with the (dramatic) exception of a few mammals, ants and pathogens,…there is little evidence that exotic species induce species extinctions" flies in the face of the abundant evidence that aliens are a major driver of native species extinction, including alien molluscs, fish and reptiles ) -aliens have been the major cause of vertebrate extinctions over the last 500 years (Bellard, Cassey & Blackburn 2016). Even were that not the case, population-level declines (see Pyšek et al 2016 for examples), introgression and losses of genetic diversity (Munoz-Fuentes et al 2007), and the loss of community-level identity (i.e. homogenisation; Lockwood and McKinney 2001) are all crucial, and increasingly well documented, impacts of biological invasions.…”

Section: All Down the Linementioning

confidence: 41%

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Wilson¹,

García‐Díaz²,

Cassey³

et al. 2016

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In a recent Discussion Paper, Hoffmann and Courchamp (2016) posed the question: are biological invasions and natural colonisations that different? This apparently simple question resonates at the core of the biological study of human-induced global change, and we strongly believe that the answer is yes: biological invasions and natural colonisations differ in processes and mechanisms in ways that are crucial for science, management, and policy. Invasion biology has, over time, developed into the broader transdisciplinary field of invasion science. At the heart of invasion science is the realisation that biological invasions are not just a biological phenomenon: the human dimension of invasions is a fundamental component in the social-ecological systems in which invasions need to be understood and managed.

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Section: All Down the Linementioning

confidence: 41%

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Wilson¹,

García‐Díaz²,

Cassey³

et al. 2016

Self Cite

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“…Some studies have shown strong relationships between the settlement of NIS and the extinction of native species (for reviews, see Bellard et al, 2016;Pyšek et al, 2017). However, as indicated above, a wide range of anthropogenic pressures is influencing worldwide ecosystems, with deleterious consequences on both species and habitats.…”

Section: Impact Of Non-indigenous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as indicated above, a wide range of anthropogenic pressures is influencing worldwide ecosystems, with deleterious consequences on both species and habitats. These continuous changes need to be considered in any assessment of the roles of NIS in undergoing extinctions, as in many cases, a decline in the native species and an increase in abundance of NIS might be coincidental, as this might derive from simultaneous adaptations of native species and NIS to various human-induced disturbances, as was discussed by Pyšek et al (2017).…”

Section: Impact Of Non-indigenous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation

et al. 2020

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For mitigation of the effects of pollution, the media, policy makers and, in turn, the scientific community and industry each provide contributions through development of a sense of urgency, and with guidelines and solutions. For non-indigenous species (NIS) that can frequently have negative impacts on the native biota, this is often conveyed in an emotive way to the general public, who are typically keen to help and to get personally involved. This might be through organization of cleaning campaigns, influence on the media, or collaboration with scientists, to inform them of the local presence and abundance of NIS. Alternatively, they might proactively develop technological solutions themselves. To assess the current state of affairs, we reviewed the presence and effects of NIS in the Mediterranean Sea. As so often, any well-planned and successful activity is directly linked to financing, or a lack thereof, and this leads to sometimes untargeted and sporadic measures that are developed within a project or over a limited timeframe, without any sustainability measures. Therefore, we also assessed the activities and strategies that have been financed in this area of NIS mitigation. Based on this review of the presence and impact of NIS, and previous and ongoing activities, we propose a new paradigm to mitigate such pollution: the 8Rs model (i.e., Recognize, Reduce, Replace, Reuse, Recycle, Recover/Restore, Remove, and Regulate). This model extends from the more traditional 3Rs model (i.e., Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle) that is often used and promoted for innovative waste management strategies. Importantly, the 8Rs model can be applied sequentially, for either prevention of NIS introduction, or preparation of mitigation measures. The 8Rs model was constructed based on Mediterranean NIS, although we believe it can be applied to other sources of pollution and other geographic areas. Importantly, the 8Rs model represents a general framework to organize and categorize future pollution mitigation strategies. This approach is essential for development of any action plan to influence the administrative and financial decision makers who essentially enable these activities, and therefore who have important roles in the guarantee of sustainability of these actions, and the creation of innovative societies.

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“…However, rather than lumping them together (as recently proposed by Schlaepfer, 2018), a clear distinction based on broadly accepted definitions and concepts (Blackburn et al, 2011;Richardson et al, 2000) needs to be made between the two groups, and the species origin, ecological context and evolutionary history should be considered carefully (Pauchard et al, 2018). This is essential because some alien species can become invasive and produce major ecosystem disruptions and even declines in native species (Downey & Richardson, 2016;Pyšek, Blackburn, García-Berthou, Perglová, & Rabitsch, 2017;Vilà & Hulme, 2017). Moreover, although native species clearly differentiate ecoregions in the Americas and globally (Capinha et al, 2015;Holt et al, 2013), naturalized species include many generalists associated with human-disturbed landscapes (Kalusová et al, 2017), and their integration in local floras results in the loss of local uniqueness at different levels of biodiversity (Rejmánek, 2000;Winter et al, 2009).…”

Section: Pred Ic Ti On S Of Future Inva S I On Dynamic Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting patterns of naturalized plant richness in the Americas: Numbers are higher in the North but expected to rise sharply in the South

Pyšek

Dawson

Essl

et al. 2019

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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With increasing availability of plant distribution data, the information about global plant diversity is improving rapidly. Recently, Ulloa Ulloa et al. (2017) presented the first comprehensive overview of the native vascular flora of the Americas, yielding a total count of 124,993 native species. Of these, 51,241 occur in North America and 82,052 in South America. By combining these data with the information in the Global Naturalized Alien Flora (GloNAF) database of naturalized alien floras, we point out that for a complete picture of the regional and continental plant richness, the naturalized alien species need to be considered. Ignoring this novel component of regional floras can lead to an inaccurate picture of overall change in biodiversity in the Anthropocene. We show that North and South America might face contrasting challenges in terms of potential threats to biodiversity posed by alien plant species, because of the different past and present dynamics of invasions and predictions of future development. In total, there are 7,042 naturalized alien plants occurring in the Americas, with 6,122 recorded in North America and 2,677 in South America; if only introductions from other continents are considered additions to the native continental flora make up 6.9 and 1.4 %, respectively. Nevertheless, predictions of naturalized plant trajectories based on global trade dynamics and climate change suggest that considerable increases in naturalized plant numbers are expected in the next 20 years for emerging South American economies, which could reverse the present state.

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Displacement and Local Extinction of Native and Endemic Species

Cited by 54 publications

References 36 publications

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Biological invasions and natural colonisations are different – the need for invasion science

Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation

Contrasting patterns of naturalized plant richness in the Americas: Numbers are higher in the North but expected to rise sharply in the South

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