“…We have achieved low-stress dispersion of bacteria and other biological materials by bubbling air through a liquid suspension of these materials. The bubbling of air or other gases through a bulk liquid is a common phenomenon, and is found in many natural and man-made processes (Baron and Willeke, 1986;Szewczyk et al, 1992;Juozaitis et al, 1994;Huang et al, 1994). The rising bubbles entrain the particles in the suspension and disperse most of them in small film droplets that result from the breakup of the bubble surfaces.…”