Disparate metabolic effects of blackcurrant seed oil in rats fed a basal and obesogenic diet

Abstract

PurposeIt was hypothesised that blackcurrant seed oil beneficially modulates metabolic disorders related to obesity and its complications. The study also aimed to investigate the potentially adverse effects of an unbalanced diet on the distal intestine.MethodsMale Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of eight animals each and were fed a basal or obesogenic (high in fat and low in fibre) diet that contained either rapeseed oil (Canola) or blackcurrant seed oil. A two-way analysis of variance was then applied to assess the effects of diet and oil and the interaction between them.ResultsAfter 8 weeks, the obesogenic dietary regimen increased the body weight, altered the plasma lipid profile and increased the liver fat content and the plasma transaminase activities. In addition, the obesogenic diet decreased bacterial glycolytic activity and short-chain fatty acid formation in the distal intestine. Dietary blackcurrant seed oil improved the lipid metabolism by lowering liver fat accumulation and the plasma triglyceride concentration and atherogenicity as well by increasing the plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration. However, in rats fed an obesogenic diet containing blackcurrant seed oil, the plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration was comparable with both rapeseed oil-containing diets, and a significant elevation of the plasma transaminase activities was noted instead.ConclusionsThe obesogenic dietary regimen causes a number of metabolic disorders, including alterations in the hindgut microbial metabolism. Dietary blackcurrant seed oil ameliorates the lipid metabolism; however, the beneficial effect is restricted when it is provided together with the obesogenic diet, and a risk of liver injury may occur.

Dietary strawberry seed oil affects metabolite formation in the distal intestine and ameliorates lipid metabolism in rats fed an obesogenic diet

“…Unrefined cold-pressed and filtered strawberry seed oil was purchased from Greenaction (Kielce, Poland). The fatty acid profile of dietary fats was determined using a gas chromatography method described elsewhere ( 16 ). The fatty acid profile of lard was as follows: C14:0 (1.6%), C16:0 (29.3%), C18:0 (0.5%), C18:1 n-9 (58.1%), C18:2 n-6 (8.9%), C18:3 n-3 (0.6%), and C20:0 (0.9%).…”

“…In the fresh cecal digesta, the pH was measured using the SevenMulti pH meter (Mettler-Toledo, Warsaw, Poland), whereas the dry matter was examined after drying at 105°C. The SCFA concentration was determined in the stored cecal digesta using a gas chromatography method described elsewhere ( 16 ). The β -glucuronidase activity in the stored cecal digesta was measured spectrophotometrically using a method described elsewhere ( 19 ), and was expressed as mmol of product formed per hour per g of digesta.…”

Comparative Effects of Dietary Hemp and Poppy Seed Oil on Lipid Metabolism and the Antioxidant Status in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats

“…Palm oil was obtained from Vog Polska Ltd. (Skierniewice, Poland). The fatty acid profile of the oils was determined using gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection after the conversion of the fatty acids into methyl esters according to a previously described method [38]. The fatty acid profiles of the hemp and poppy seed oils are shown in Table 4.…”

Functional foods as potential therapeutic options for metabolic syndrome

“…As an example, MUFA‐rich macadamia oil (80% w/w) increased whole body adiposity in high‐carbohydrate, high‐fat diet‐induced model of metabolic syndrome . Similarly, high‐fat diet containing oleic acid‐rich canola oil increased abdominal fat in young rats . Pig lard and beef tallow, usually containing 40–50% oleic acid, both increase adiposity in rats and mice and are commonly used animal models of diet‐induced obesity .…”