Disorders of the Female Breast in the Pediatric Age Group

Abstract

Disorders of the female breast in the pediatric age group are a relatively common finding; however, there is limited information in the current literature. The plastic surgeon treating these patients is faced with a wide range of reconstructive problems. By understanding the various breast disorders, the plastic surgeon can better diagnose and treat this patient population appropriately.

Mammae Erraticae: A Case Report and Reappraisal of the Related Theories

“…They can occur in any part of the body. The most appropriate treatment for these lesions is excision [17].…”

Investigation of Hyperplastic Type Congenital Breast Abnormalities and Algorithm for Clinical Approach

“…Aksesuar meme dokusu (politeli ve polimasti) hiperplastik tip konjenital meme anomalilerindendir (1) . Gestasyonun 5. haftasında ektodermden kaynaklanan primitif süt çizgisi; bilateral aksiller bölgeden inguinal bölgeye doğru bir kabartı şeklinde oluşmaya başlar.…”

Hypoplastic Breast Anomalies in the Female Adolescent Breast

“…This achieves more natural breast ptosis and lowers the nipple-areolar complex, regardless of what type of reconstruction is ultimately chosen for the patient. 2,6,13,14 According to Caouette-Laberge and Bortoluzzi, the need for skin expansion should be based on three factors: (1) the severity of hypoplasia, (2) the tightness of the skin envelope, and (3) the location of the areola; any of which may be indication for a two-stage procedure. Furthermore, if autologous reconstruction is performed later, tissue expansion may also reduce the risk of compartment syndrome and subsequent vascular compromise occurring with postoperative swelling of the transferred tissue.…”