Disorders of the Endocrine System Due to Radiation and Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

Shalet, Stephen M

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb00042.x

Cited by 85 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Surgery of the thyroid gland before irradiation increases the occurrence of hypothyroidism considerably (12). Children may run a greater risk than adults of developing radiation-induced hypothyroidism (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Function after Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer

Joensuu

Viikari

1986

Acta Radiologica: Oncology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Function after Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer

Joensuu

Viikari

1986

Acta Radiologica: Oncology

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“…After exposure to ionizing radiation, the thyroid is at increased risk for the development of both benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms [3, 8, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, 24-33], and the cumulative incidence of thyroid neoplasia continues to rise even 30 years after the primary cancer diagnosis [9, 32] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Radiation-induced Thyroid Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thyroid dysfunction can manifest as primary hyperthyroidism, primary hypothyroidism (either compensated or overt), central hypothyroidism, or a combination of the latter two [22, 23]. Ionizing radiation also increases the risk of both benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms [3, 8, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, 24-33]. In general, the risk of developing radiation-induced thyroid disease depends on numerous factors, including the age of the child at the time of treatment, the radiation dose delivered to the HPT axis, and the time elapsed since irradiation (Fig.…”

Section: Radiation-induced Thyroid Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Sequelae of Pediatric Cancer Therapy

Waguespack

2018

Horm Res Paediatr

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The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is a common site of unintended, acquired disease either during or after the treatment of cancer. Children treated with external radiation therapy are at the highest risk for developing a thyroid-related late effect, but thyroid dysfunction and second primary thyroid neoplasms can also occur after treatment with radiopharmaceutical agents such as ¹³¹I-metaiodobenzylguanidine. Increasingly recognized is the development of early thyroid dysfunction as an off-target consequence of the more novel cancer therapeutics such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thyroid sequelae resulting from irradiation may manifest only after years to decades of follow-up, and their resultant clinical symptoms may be indolent and non-specific. Therefore, lifelong monitoring of the childhood cancer survivor at risk for thyroid disease is paramount. In this comprehensive review, the myriad thyroid adverse effects resulting from pediatric cancer treatment are discussed and an overview of screening and treatment of these thyroid sequelae provided.

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“…Higher doses lead to a more rapid effect since the more developed stages are also affected. After single dose exposure, complete recovery occurs at 9-18 months after less than 100 cGy, 30 months after 200-300 cGy and 5 or more years after 400-600 cGy (Shalet, 1983). The recovery is longer after fractionated doses (Hahn et al, 1982;Meistrich & van Beek, 1990).…”

Section: Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%