Disorders of Sodium and Water Homeostasis

Guillaumin, Julien; DiBartola, Stephen P.

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.10.015

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…29,60,61 Disorders of sodium and osmotic homeostasis have been found in diverse small mammals. 62,63 Laboratory rats and dogs have traditionally been the species used in ODS research studies. [64][65][66][67] The development of genetically modified mouse models has hinted a way for the manipulation of genes or cells possibly relevant to the pathophysiology of ODS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The osmotic demyelination syndrome: the resilience of thalamic neurons is verified with transmission electron microscopy

Gilloteaux

Bouchat

Brion

et al. 2020

Ultrastructural Pathology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The osmotic demyelination syndrome: the resilience of thalamic neurons is verified with transmission electron microscopy

Gilloteaux

Bouchat

Brion

et al. 2020

Ultrastructural Pathology

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“…Interestingly, even small changes in sodium concentration within the reference interval have been associated with increased mortality risk ( 14 ). In many cases, disorders of sodium are due to disorders of water balance ( 15 ), and hence fluid balance may in turn be partly responsible for the association between sodium disorders and outcome. It is now recognized in both human ( 16 , 17 ) and veterinary medicine ( 18 ) that fluid overload is associated with adverse outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolyte Disturbances Are Associated with Non-Survival in Dogs—A Multivariable Analysis

2017

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Electrolyte disorders have been individually associated with mortality in small populations of dogs and cats with specific conditions, but the associations and interactions between electrolyte disturbances and outcome have not been evaluated in a large, heterogeneous population. It was hypothesized that abnormalities of sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium concentrations would be independently and proportionately associated with death from natural causes and with all-cause mortality in dogs. An electronic database containing 33,117 electrolyte profiles was constructed to retrospectively assess the association between disorders of sodium, potassium, corrected chloride, and ionized calcium concentrations with non-survival and with death excluding euthanasia by multivariable modeling. A second database containing 11,249 records was used to validate the models constructed from the first database. All four electrolytes assessed had non-linear U-shaped associations with case fatality rates, wherein concentrations clustered around the reference interval had the lowest case fatality rates, while progressively abnormal concentrations were associated with proportionately increased risk of non-survival (AUROC 0.624) or death (AUROC 0.678). Multivariable modeling suggested that these electrolyte disturbances were associated with non-survival and with death from natural causes independent of each other. This study suggests that measurement of electrolyte concentrations is an important component of the assessment of dogs in emergency rooms or intensive care units. Future studies should focus on confirming these associations in a prospective manner accounting for disease severity.

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“…Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance encountered in clinical practice (8). The severity of hyponatremia is known as to be related to a fatality rate in dogs and cats (9). Symptoms from hyponatremia might vary from subtle to severe or even life threatening, so it is important to correct severe hyponatremia immediately (8,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Hindlimb Ataxia Concurrent With Seizures by Presumed Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome in a Dog

Lee

Kang²,

Park³

2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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A 6-year-old castrated male Chihuahua dog was presented with hindlimb paresis and ataxia. The dog had hyponatremia and was diagnosed as hypoadrenocorticism 10 days before its visit, and the neurologic signs including generalized tonic seizures and hindlimb paresis occurred 3 days after correction of hyponatremia at a referral hospital. Based on history and clinical findings, osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) secondary to rapid correction of hyponatremia was highly suspected. After administration of anti-convulsant and supplements, seizures did not occur, and gait was normalized within 2 weeks. Phenobarbital was tapered and finally discontinued after 3 months, and seizure did not recur. The neurologic signs were completely resolved and the dog continued to be free of neurologic or additional clinical signs over the 19-month follow-up period. ODS should be included among the differential diagnoses in case of any acute neurological dysfunction that occurs with episodes of rapid correction of hyponatremia. To the author's knowledge, this is the rare case report of a dog with hypoadrenocorticism and presumed ODS after rapid correction of hyponatremia leading to neurologic signs including seizures and ataxia.

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Disorders of Sodium and Water Homeostasis

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

The osmotic demyelination syndrome: the resilience of thalamic neurons is verified with transmission electron microscopy

The osmotic demyelination syndrome: the resilience of thalamic neurons is verified with transmission electron microscopy

Electrolyte Disturbances Are Associated with Non-Survival in Dogs—A Multivariable Analysis

Case Report: Hindlimb Ataxia Concurrent With Seizures by Presumed Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome in a Dog

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