Dismantling a multi-storey building in the conditions of a built-up area: engineering and economic indicators

Abstract

Introduction. In the contemporary world, the number of multi-storey and high-rise buildings goes up, and this is the case of central districts of large cities. This renewal of built environments in megalopolises takes the form of development of unoccupied spaces, which grow smaller year after year, and liquidation of buildings whose life cycle is coming to an end. In this regard, there arises a problem of choosing the building demolition method, since traditional techniques, used worldwide, do not allow for the liquidation of buildings that have more than 15 floors. Therefore, given the growing number of floors, densely built-up areas, and tighter safety regulations, there is a need to improve dismantling technologies, including tighter environmental safety requirements applied to dismantling works, and this necessity substantiates the relevance of this research. The subject of this work is the engineering and economic indicators of the element-wise deconstruction and mechanical demolition, performed as a sequential set of works that end in the elimination of a multi-storey building, having various design features. The purpose of this study is to explore the engineering and economic indicators of dismantling works carried out in densely built-up urban areas, taking into account work arrangement features, space-planning and design characteristics of a building to be liquidated.
 Materials and methods. Given the findings of the field observations that represent photographic recording and timing, measurements were taken in respect of the time needed to perform the dismantling work in the process of liquidation of a multi-storey building. The method of mathematical analysis was employed to obtain the engineering and economic indicators of dismantling works. The work space, the scope and amount of work were identified using AutoCAD, a 2D modeling system.
 Results. The co-authors have identified the features of the element-wise dismantling and mechanical demolition of a multi-storey building, dependences between engineering and economic indicators, as well as the characteristics of buildings.
 Conclusions. The research, performed by the co-authors, allow to identify the bottlenecks of such methods of dismantling a multi-storey building, as its element-wise dismantling and mechanical demolition. The results of the work can be used to streamline the building dismantling technology, with regard to the features of surrounding buildings and the characteristics of the building to be liquidated.

Ensuring safety during the demolition and dismantling of buildings

“…The hydrosplit method is used to destroy monolithic concrete and brick structures in cramped conditions [7,8].…”

Justification of ways to improve environmental safety during the liquidation of buildings in the conditions of dense development

“…The choice of methods of protection from the negative factors under consideration depends on a large number of primary conditions: demolition technology, equipment used, building density, structural and planning solutions of the building, its number of floors, materials of dismantled structures [18][19][20][21]. Protection methods must be justified not only by regulatory safety requirements, but also confirmed by technical and economic calculations.…”