Disinfection of New Water Mains

Buelow, Ralph W.; Taylor, Raymond H.; Geldreich, Edwin E.; Goodenkauf, Arley; Wilwerding, Leo; Holdren, Fred J.; Hutchinson, Malcolm; Nelson, Irvin H.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1976.tb02410.x

Journal AWWA

1976

DOI: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1976.tb02410.x

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Disinfection of New Water Mains

Ralph W. Buelow¹,

Raymond H. Taylor²,

Edwin E. Geldreich³

et al.

Abstract: The “AWWA Standard for Disinfecting Water Mains” (AWWA C601‐68) has fallen into disuse by a number of water utilities because of repeated bacteriological failures following initial disinfection with the recommended high‐dose chlorination. Other methods of disinfection, including the use of potassium permanganate and copper sulfate, do not alleviate this problem. Physical cleanliness of new mains is of primary importance and may result in successful disinfection with the low free‐chlorine residuals in distribut… Show more

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“…(Geldreich, 1996; Swerdlow et al, 1989), failure to adequately disinfect after a main repair or a new installation can result in substantial illnesses in a community. In addition, mains disinfection (following installation or repair) is important in maintaining low microbial levels (Buelow et al, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine Demand in disinfecting Water Mains

Haas¹,

Gupta²,

Chitluru³

et al. 2002

Journal AWWA

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The objective of this study was to determine the rate of exertion of chlorine demand in new pipes. Calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, and dissolved gaseous chlorine were contacted with full‐size pipe sections (lined and unlined ductile iron, and polyvinyl chloride) under conditions that would be used in the disinfection of new mains. The subsequent demand and decay were measured. The process could be described by a biphasic kinetic model. The coefficients in the model could be correlated to the pipe type and diameter. From this work, a set of equations to estimate chlorine residual subsequent to main disinfection was developed.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine Demand in disinfecting Water Mains

Haas¹,

Gupta²,

Chitluru³

et al. 2002

Journal AWWA

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show abstract

Relationship of bacterial counts with turbidity and free chlorine in two distribution systems

Reilly¹,

Kippin²

1983

Journal AWWA

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In this study, the diversity of organisms identified by using standard plate count (SPC) and membrane filtration strongly suggests an established microbial ecosystem in two distribution systems. The SPC exhibited no relationship with coliform count when the SPC was less than 50 organisms/mL. The SPC was not dependent on low‐level turbidity and varied with respect to free chlorine residuals. The frequency of coliform isolation was independent of turbidity and free chlorine. Specifically, encapsulated coliforms (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, E. aerogenes, and E. agglomerans), which gave typical coliform results, exhibited the ability to survive a free chlorine residual of 0.2 mg/L or more. Encapsulation was a major factor in all of these results.

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Disinfection of New Water Mains

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Chlorine Demand in disinfecting Water Mains

Chlorine Demand in disinfecting Water Mains

Relationship of bacterial counts with turbidity and free chlorine in two distribution systems

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