2013
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.014
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Disinfection by-products and ecotoxicity of ballast water after oxidative treatment – Results and experiences from seven years of full-scale testing of ballast water management systems

Abstract: Since 2005, five different ballast water management systems (BWMS) based on chlorination treatment have been tested by Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) according to guidelines from the International Maritime Organization (IMO). 25 % and >50 % of all the tested discharge samples exhibited acute and chronic toxic effects on algae, respectively. In most cases this toxicity was plausibly caused by a high free residual oxidant (FRO) level (>0.08 mg Cl/l). Of the 22 disinfection by-products (DBPs) that … Show more

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Cited by 79 publications
(47 citation statements)
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References 27 publications
(29 reference statements)
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“…Also, because of lacking toxicity data on brominated compounds, some PNEC indicated in Table 3 have been taken from their chlorinated analogues. Notwithstanding, References: a (Delacroix et al, 2013), b (Johnson et al, 2012), c (Liu and Zhang, 2014). ⁎ PEC has been assimilated as the maximum concentration detected in this study.…”
Section: Cbp Diffusion In the Gulf Of Fosmentioning
confidence: 52%
“…Also, because of lacking toxicity data on brominated compounds, some PNEC indicated in Table 3 have been taken from their chlorinated analogues. Notwithstanding, References: a (Delacroix et al, 2013), b (Johnson et al, 2012), c (Liu and Zhang, 2014). ⁎ PEC has been assimilated as the maximum concentration detected in this study.…”
Section: Cbp Diffusion In the Gulf Of Fosmentioning
confidence: 52%
“…Additionally, the presence of other naturally occurring anion species in seawater compete in the anode area and impair the efficiency of this process. For example, bromide anions, in conjunction with dissolved organic material, can generate very harmful by-products (e.g., different brominated compounds and tri-halomethanes), which can contribute to increased levels of hazardous disinfection byproducts during deballasting [43,49,50]. …”
Section: Using Electrolytic Disinfectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HC does not always have the same role in the process of the treatment. For example, in Fine Ballast OZ, cavitation is used as a pretreatment phase and ozonation is the main treatment step, while in other three systems, cavitation is the main treatment step alone (JFE Ballast Ace, OceanSaver, Venturi Oxygen Stripping) or in combination with various active substances to achieve the complete efficiency of the system (ABS 2011; Delacroix et al 2013;Gregg et al 2009;Joowon 2010;Lloyd's Register 2014). However, the application of technologies that use active substances in their operation may cause a potential danger for the crew and the environment (Fisher 2014;Werschkun et al 2012).…”
Section: Large-scale Hydrodynamic Cavitation Setups For Ballast Watermentioning
confidence: 99%