Diseases of Peanut Caused by Soilborne Pathogens in the Southwestern United States

Thiessen, Lindsey; Woodward, Jason E.

doi:10.5402/2012/517905

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…At lower relative humidity, the growth of these fungi is arrested. Among these fungi, those belonging to the genus Fusarium (Thiessen and Woodward 2012;Santos et al 2013) have been reported to cause rot and reduced physiological potential in peanut seeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage caused by fungi and insects to stored peanut seeds before processing

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage caused by fungi and insects to stored peanut seeds before processing

et al. 2016

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“…Insect, nematode, fungal, and viral pathogens impact the production and quality of peanuts. Many fungi can affect aboveground as well as belowground plant parts including Sclerotium rolfsii (white mold or southern blight), Sclerotinia minor (sclerotinia blight), Pythium spp., and Rhizoctonia solani . White mold is by far the most serious soilborne pathogen in the southeastern United States, where approximately 70% of the US peanut crop is grown, often causing 6%‐8% reduction in crop value .…”

Section: Peanut Pests and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The functional biology of peanut allergens and possible links to their allergenicity

Ozias‐Akins

Breiteneder

2019

Allergy

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Peanut is one of the most common food triggers of fatal anaphylaxis worldwide although peanut allergy affects only 1%‐2% of the general population. Peanuts are the source of highly potent allergenic proteins. It is emerging that the allergenicity of certain proteins is linked to their biological function. Peanut is an unusual crop in that it flowers aboveground but produces its seed‐containing pods underground. This so‐called geocarpic fruiting habit exposes pods and seeds during their development to soilborne pathogens and pests. Pest damage can also open routes of entry for opportunistic fungi such as Aspergillus . Although seed proteins have primary functions in nutrient reservoirs, lipid storage bodies, or the cytoskeleton, they have also evolved to act as part of the plant's defense system to enhance fitness and survival of the species. When interacting with pathogens or pests, these proteins modify and damage cells' membranes, interact with immune receptors, and modulate signaling pathways. Moreover, following exposure, the immune system of predisposed individuals reacts to these proteins with the production of specific IgE. This review explores the evolutionary biology of peanut and its seed proteins and highlights possible links between the proteins' biological function and their allergenicity.

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“…Peanut is one of the widely grown crops in the world and its prone to seed borne diseases primarily caused by soil borne pathogens [40]. To restrict seed borne diseases, peanut seeds have a hard shell that harbors the cotyledons ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Protective Layers Of Peanut Seed Against Pathogen Invasion (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing Peanut Seed Coat Cell Wall Mediated Resistance Against <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> Infection and Aflatoxin Contamination

Cobos¹,

Tengey²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Aflatoxins, which have been classified as a group-1 carcinogen are the well-known mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxins have been linked to liver diseases, acute hepatic necrosis, resulting in cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinomas due to which it incurs a loss of value in international trade for peanuts contaminated with it. The four main aflatoxins are B1, B2, G1, and G2 of which B1 is predominant. In plants, the cell wall is the primary barrier against pathogen invasion. Cell wall fortifications such as deposition of callose, cellulose, lignin, phenolic compounds and structural proteins help to prevent the pathogen infection. Further, the host cell’s ability to rapidly repair and reinforce its cell walls will result in a reduction of the penetration efficiency of the pathogen. Peanut seed coat acts as a physical and biochemical cell wall barrier against both pre and post-harvest pathogen infection. The structure of seed coat and the presence of polyphenol compounds have been reported to inhibit the growth of A. flavus, however, not successfully employed to develop A. flavus resistance in peanut. A comprehensive understanding of peanut seed coat development and biochemistry will provide information to design efficient strategies for the seed coat mediated A. flavus resistance and Aflatoxin contamination.

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Diseases of Peanut Caused by Soilborne Pathogens in the Southwestern United States

Cited by 41 publications

References 35 publications

Damage caused by fungi and insects to stored peanut seeds before processing

Damage caused by fungi and insects to stored peanut seeds before processing

The functional biology of peanut allergens and possible links to their allergenicity

Employing Peanut Seed Coat Cell Wall Mediated Resistance Against <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> Infection and Aflatoxin Contamination

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