Discussion on the selection criteria of national parks in China based on international experience

Hu, 虞虎 Yu; Linsheng, 钟林生 Zhong

doi:10.5846/stxb201810012147

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…For example, ecosystem integrity was the main criterion used within the selection of land for the establishment of national parks in Canada [42]. Similarly, ecosystem integrity and authenticity are also considered as key indicators for the selection of sites for national parks in China [43,44].…”

Section: Ecosystem Integrity and Authenticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Priority Conservation Areas for Protected Rivers Based on Ecosystem Integrity and Authenticity: A Case Study of the Qingzhu River, Southwest China

Zhang

Lu³

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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The establishment of protected areas for a river (PARs) is an efficient approach for the conservation of its ecosystem and biodiversity. This study selected the free-flowing Qingzhu River, located in the mountains of southwest China and one of 34 global biodiversity hotspots, as a case study. This study applied the ecosystem approach to develop a model for identifying priority conservation areas for a river (PCARs) based on integrity and authenticity. Three model elements were selected, namely streams, forest and human activity, characterized by three indicators: irreplaceability, tree cover and human activity, respectively. The spatial distributions of these indicators were overlaid according to different weights to generate a map (SCPV) of comprehensive protected value (CPV), which was used to indicate ecosystem integrity and authenticity in the study catchment. Lastly, PCARs were identified by comparing existing protected areas with the calculated SCPV. The application of the model to the Qingzhu River indicated the area of PCARs to be ~71.88 km2, accounting for 15.13% of the total PAR area. Priority reaches for protection were then identified, with many falling within the mainstem of the river in the middle and lower reaches. The total length of priority protected reaches was ~75.97 km, accounting for 49.33% of the total length of the river mainstem within Qingchuan County. This study validated the model at both the theoretical and practical level, confirming that the model is useful for facilitating the precise protection and smart management of rivers.

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Section: Ecosystem Integrity and Authenticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Priority Conservation Areas for Protected Rivers Based on Ecosystem Integrity and Authenticity: A Case Study of the Qingzhu River, Southwest China

Zhang

Lu³

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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“…The Chinese government has initiated the establishment of national parks as part of its efforts to increase the efficacy of conservation by improving its system of nature reserves. Considering the indicators of national representativeness, significance, ecosystem integrity, and biodiversity in the selection and construction of national parks [5,6], China has identified nine establishment indicators, including ecosystem representativeness, biological species representativeness, and uniqueness of the natural landscape [7], which have served as the foundation for the assessment Land 2024, 13, 121 2 of 15 and construction of national parks. Alternative lists for the creation of national parks have been suggested in certain studies [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Optimization Based on the Trade-Off between Ecosystem Conservation and Opportunity Cost of Tarim National Park in Xinjiang, China

Zhang,

Zhang

2024

Land

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National parks (NPs) are the flagship protected areas in China’s conservation network and play a key role in the ecological protection of core objects and important natural landscapes. However, the shortage of spatial optimization methods based on quantitative indicators has limited the spatially explicit identification of national parks. Therefore, in this study, we selected the main area of the Tarim River (MTR) in Xinjiang as an example to optimize the spatial boundary of a national park. We constructed an evaluation system based on representativeness, ecological importance, and the foundation of the existing protected area. Subsequently, we comprehensively employed a species distribution model to simulate the habitat of the primary conservation targets. Additionally, we spatially optimized the region using an integer linear model, considering multiple scenarios. The results of this study show that fewer than 30% of the existing protected areas in the MTR protect conservation objects. Using different protection objects and quantitative goals, the spatial optimization results for the eight protection scenarios show that the most effective national park establishment scenario covers a total area of 15,009.3 km2, which is 8157.5 km2 more than the protected area already in place and would include the Tarim Populus National Nature Reserve and Luntai Tarim Populus Forest Park. The opportunity cost to be paid for protection according to this boundary is approximately USD 115.14 million. The protection ratios of each protection object for the expanded park are more than 50%, which is 27.7% higher than the protection effect produced by the existing protected area, so we recommend that Tarim National Park be set up on the basis of this boundary.

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“…Based on the development status and existing problems of nature reserves in China, Ouyang et al [25] discussed the development countermeasures of national parks. Yu et al [26] adopted the research idea of "global evaluation and type comparison" to select potential areas for national park construction. Wang et al [27] discussed the establishment path and measures of the protected areas system and proposed the overall layout of national parks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of National Park Candidate Areas Based on Spatial Overlap Characteristics of Protected Areas in China

et al. 2022

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The integration and optimization of protected areas is an important part of the construction of a protected areas system centered around national parks. How to best integrate and optimize protected areas is the most urgent problem in the reform. This paper analyzes the spatial overlap and continuity of protected areas in China on a national scale and proposes a collection of candidate areas for national parks. The results show that ➀ 52.9% of the protected areas overlap, with nature reserves, forest parks and scenic areas showing the most overlap, and the maximum number of overlaps is five. ➁ There are 1145 groups of contiguous protected areas that form continuous boundary areas, accounting for 58.9% of the total number of protected areas analyzed in this paper. Of these continuous zones, 48.55% consists of only two protected areas. There are 51 continuous areas with more than 10 protected areas, showing point continuous and/or patchy continuous boundary characteristics. ➂ According to the identified continuous areas, overlapping degree, protection levels and function, the candidate areas of national parks in China are proposed. Continuous areas with comprehensive ecosystem services, high-intensity protection levels, and high overlap intensity are selected as preliminary candidate areas for national parks. These are further refined based on their co-location with four types of key areas. A total of 41 areas are recommended as potential national parks. These continuous areas are highly consistent with the national “two screens, three belts” strategy, and nine of them are essentially consistent with the current national parks pilot. These results indicate that the recommended areas selected according to this research method are reasonable, and can provide a scientific basis for determining the spatial layout of China’s new protected areas system and the establishment of national parks.

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Discussion on the selection criteria of national parks in China based on international experience

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Identification of Priority Conservation Areas for Protected Rivers Based on Ecosystem Integrity and Authenticity: A Case Study of the Qingzhu River, Southwest China

Identification of Priority Conservation Areas for Protected Rivers Based on Ecosystem Integrity and Authenticity: A Case Study of the Qingzhu River, Southwest China

Spatial Optimization Based on the Trade-Off between Ecosystem Conservation and Opportunity Cost of Tarim National Park in Xinjiang, China

Selection of National Park Candidate Areas Based on Spatial Overlap Characteristics of Protected Areas in China

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