Discrimination based on place of residence and access to employment

Bunel, Mathieu; L’Horty, Yannick; Petit, Pascale

doi:10.1177/0042098014563470

Cited by 61 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Among young people recently out of the education system, 29 percent of those of North African origin and 40 percent of those of sub-Saharan African origin live in ZUS areas, compared with 4 percent of young people of French origin. 11 Finally, several studies suggest that people living in these areas suffer from discrimination in the labor market, resulting in less access to employment (Beffy, Coudin, and Rathelot 2014;Bunel, L'Horty, and Petit 2016) and lower wage levels (Couppié, Giret, and Moullet 2010).…”

Section: Competitive Examination Data and Econometric Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Competitive Examinations Promote Diversity in Civil Service?

Greenan

Lanfranchi

L’Horty

et al. 2019

Public Administration Review

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The representative bureaucracy literature provides a growing body of empirical evidence that a representative public workforce enhances the efficacy and legitimacy of public services. However, little attention has been paid to the capacity of civil service competitive examinations to give equal opportunity of access to public jobs to equally competent citizens. To fill this gap, the authors use French databases to analyze whether competitive examinations comprising both written and oral tests ensure equality of treatment for all candidates regardless of gender, place of residence, or place of birth. The results challenge the capacity of these examinations to treat candidates equally, identifying inequalities in the written tests as well as evaluation biases in the oral tests. However, oral evaluation biases tend to offset inequalities in the written tests. Therefore, selection boards take a sort of affirmative action toward the sole successful members of groups suffering such inequalities.

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Section: Competitive Examination Data and Econometric Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Competitive Examinations Promote Diversity in Civil Service?

Greenan

Lanfranchi

L’Horty

et al. 2019

Public Administration Review

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show abstract

“…For similar work outside of the United States, seeBonnet et al (2016),Bunel, L'Horty, and Petit (2014). 2 At the outset of our pilot study, we signaled the occupational status of buyers by affixing names in the…”

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confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Effects of Race and Place in Economic Transactions: Findings from an Online Field Experiment

2019

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Scholarship on discrimination consistently shows that non‐Whites are at a disadvantage in obtaining goods and services relative to Whites. To a lesser extent, recent work has asked whether or not place of residence may also affect individuals’ chances in economic markets. In this study, we use a field experiment in an online market for second‐hand goods to examine transactional opportunities for White, Black, Asian, and Latino residents of both advantaged and disadvantaged neighborhoods. Our results show that sellers prefer transactional partners who live in advantaged neighborhoods to those who live in neighborhoods that are majority non‐White and have higher rates of poverty. This was true across all four racial/ethnic groups, revealing that neighborhood stigma exists independently of racial stigma. We discuss the implications for scholarship on neighborhood effects and we outline how future research using experiments can leverage various types of markets to better specify when characteristics like race trigger discrimination.

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“…Irrespective of their ethnic origin, they are called back at a lower rate if they reside in a disadvantaged neighbourhood. Bunel et al () consists of a field experiment utilizing correspondence testing in the greater Paris area that varied the spatial contours and the socio‐economic levels of the workers' localities. They find that “a good address can triple the chances of being invited to a job interview” (Bunel et al, , p. 267), and that candidates residing in a disadvantaged county face a greater handicap than those residing in a disadvantaged ward.…”

Section: Survey Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Labour market effects of urban riots: An experimental assessment

Duguet

Gray

L’Horty

et al. 2020

Papers in Regional Science

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We measure the effects of urban riots on the labour market prospects of workers in the case of the French riots of 2007. The town of Villiers-le-Bel is our treatment unit while two other towns serve as control groups, Sarcelles and Enghien-les-Bains. Using the technique of correspondence testing, we are able to discern disparities in call-back rates for fictitious candidates who respond to actual job postings over four dimensions: gender, ethnic origin, locality of residence (advantaged vs. disadvantaged), and the degree of media exposure during the riots. We implement an empirical approach to measure discrimination across several dimensions that integrates a set of relevant parameters into one unified system of equations. We find statistically significant negative estimates of a media exposure effect. People residing in the area which received negative publicity were 3.2 percentage points less likely to receive a callback. The group of workers who tend to be the most associated with the riots, namely, men of North African origin (at least in terms of perceptions), are the least affected by potential discrimination by region of residence, while women of French origin are the most affected.

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Discrimination based on place of residence and access to employment

Cited by 61 publications

References 32 publications

Do Competitive Examinations Promote Diversity in Civil Service?

Do Competitive Examinations Promote Diversity in Civil Service?

Disentangling the Effects of Race and Place in Economic Transactions: Findings from an Online Field Experiment

Labour market effects of urban riots: An experimental assessment

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