Discovery of samarium, europium, gadolinium, and terbium isotopes

Abstract

Currently, thirty-four samarium, thirty-four europium, thirty-one gadolinium, and thirty-one terbium isotopes have been observed and the discovery of these isotopes is discussed here. For each isotope a brief synopsis of the first refereed publication, including the production and identification method, is presented.

2014 update of the discoveries of nuclides

“…The discovery of 166 Eu was not specifically mentioned because it was assumed to be known. 35 The discovery of 216−219 Pb and 219−223 Bi had been credited 36 to a 2009 paper by Alvarez-Pol et al 37 which was part of the topical issue of the 5 th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM) in 2008. It has now been reassigned to a paper by the same group which was published a year later.…”