Discovery of Neonrosella vitiata (Darwin) and Newmanella spinosus Chan & Cheang (Balanomorpha, Tetraclitidae) from the Andaman Sea, eastern Indian Ocean
Abstract:In this present study, distantly related acorn barnacle species in the subfamily Newmanellinae (Cirripedia, Thoracica, Tetraclitidae), including Neonrosellavitiata (Darwin, 1854) and Newmanellaspinosus Chan & Cheang, 2016, were discovered in the Andaman Sea of Thailand. Neo.vitiata can be readily distinguished from other newmanellids by shell plate and operculum morphology (external shell, tergum geometry, and pattern of parietal tube) and arthropodal characters (presence of basi-dorsal point at base o… Show more
“…Neonrosella vitiata was previously recorded from the Indo-west Pacific, Indian Ocean, Nicobar Island to Australia, Indonesia, Malay Archipelago, Sulu Archipelago, Philippines, and the Pacific Ocean (Jones and Hosie 2016). Recently, Neonrosella vitiata also was discovered in the Andaman Sea of Thailand (Sukparangsi et al 2019). In this study, N. vitiata was found on Ambon Island (at Liang), Banda Island and Saparua Island (at Tuhaha) on port poles, reef and stones (a map with the occurrence of Neonrosella vitiata in the Moluccas is shown in Suppl.…”
Section: Genbank Accession Number 18s (Mk981384)mentioning
To contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of barnacles in this understudied area, the first checklist of barnacles from the Moluccas is presented, including additional information on morphology, distribution, and substrate as well as molecular data. The species of barnacles from the Moluccas have been determined using morphological analysis and DNA sequences. During 19 field trips conducted between January 2016 and September 2017, 1,513 specimens of 24 species of intertidal and one species of deep-sea barnacles were collected from 51 localities from the islands. Morphological and molecular analysis of the collected material detected members of three families of stalked barnacles and four families of acorn barnacles. In addition to sampling in the field, we also surveyed the literature on barnacles from the Moluccas. In total, our checklist comprises 97 species from the Moluccas including 23 new records, two of them yet to be described species. Results suggest that the Moluccas have a much higher diversity of barnacles than previously known, for example, from the reports of Challenger and Siboga expeditions. For further work, routine application of molecular systematics could aid the detection of cryptic species, while increased sampling of more islands and a taxonomic revision of several groups would likely lead to an even higher number of species than currently known.
“…Neonrosella vitiata was previously recorded from the Indo-west Pacific, Indian Ocean, Nicobar Island to Australia, Indonesia, Malay Archipelago, Sulu Archipelago, Philippines, and the Pacific Ocean (Jones and Hosie 2016). Recently, Neonrosella vitiata also was discovered in the Andaman Sea of Thailand (Sukparangsi et al 2019). In this study, N. vitiata was found on Ambon Island (at Liang), Banda Island and Saparua Island (at Tuhaha) on port poles, reef and stones (a map with the occurrence of Neonrosella vitiata in the Moluccas is shown in Suppl.…”
Section: Genbank Accession Number 18s (Mk981384)mentioning
To contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of barnacles in this understudied area, the first checklist of barnacles from the Moluccas is presented, including additional information on morphology, distribution, and substrate as well as molecular data. The species of barnacles from the Moluccas have been determined using morphological analysis and DNA sequences. During 19 field trips conducted between January 2016 and September 2017, 1,513 specimens of 24 species of intertidal and one species of deep-sea barnacles were collected from 51 localities from the islands. Morphological and molecular analysis of the collected material detected members of three families of stalked barnacles and four families of acorn barnacles. In addition to sampling in the field, we also surveyed the literature on barnacles from the Moluccas. In total, our checklist comprises 97 species from the Moluccas including 23 new records, two of them yet to be described species. Results suggest that the Moluccas have a much higher diversity of barnacles than previously known, for example, from the reports of Challenger and Siboga expeditions. For further work, routine application of molecular systematics could aid the detection of cryptic species, while increased sampling of more islands and a taxonomic revision of several groups would likely lead to an even higher number of species than currently known.
“…The distribution of intertidal barnacles is different between the coastline in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea (Pochai et al 2017): the Andaman side has a higher species diversity (nine total species in Andaman side and six in the Gulf of Thailand). Octomeris was not reported by Pochai et al (2017) or Sukparangsi et al (2019). The record of O. intermedia in the present study brings the number of Thai intertidal barnacle species to 12.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 40%
“…Intertidal barnacle diversity in Thailand received very little attention until the recent studies of Pochai et al (2017) and Sukparangsi et al (2019), who conducted detailed surveys of Thai intertidal barnacles and recorded a total of eleven species from the Thai coastline. The distribution of intertidal barnacles is different between the coastline in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea (Pochai et al 2017): the Andaman side has a higher species diversity (nine total species in Andaman side and six in the Gulf of Thailand).…”
Octomeris is a chthamalid intertidal barnacle with eight shell plates. There are currently two species of such barnacles: O. brunnea Darwin, 1854 (type locality in the Philippines), common in the Indo-Pacific region, and O. angulosa Sowerby, 1825, only recorded in South Africa. Octomeris intermedia Nilsson-Cantell, 1921, identified from the Mergui Archipelago in Myanmar, was considered to be conspecific with O. brunnea by Hiro (1939) based on samples collected in Taiwan. The morphological differences in shell and opercular plates between O. brunnea and O. intermedia are believed to be intra-specific variations due to different degrees of shell erosion. In the present study, the genetic and morphological differentiations of Octomeris in the Indo-Pacific region were examined. This study found two molecular clades (with inter-specific differences) based on the divergence in the COI genes, and the species also have distinct geographical distributions. The Octomeris brunnea clade covers samples collected from the Philippines and Taiwan waters and the other clade, which we argue is O. intermedia, is distributed in Phuket and Krabi, Thailand and Langkawi, Malaysia. Phuket and Krabi are located approximately 300 km south of the Mergui Archipelago, the type locality of O. intermedia. The morphology of samples collected from Thailand fits the type description of O. intermedia in Nilsson-Cantell (1921). Our study concludes that O. intermedia is a valid species based on morphological and molecular evidence.
“…However, there are many marine species that have genetically homogeneous population across these two ecoregions, probably due to high dispersal abilities following the glaciations (e.g., the trumpetfish Aulostomus chinensis, Bowen et al, 2001;sea urchin Tripneustes, Lessios et al, 2003, gastropod Echinolittorina reticulata, Reid et al, 2006, seaweed Sargassum, Chan et al, 2013, 2014. Pochai et al (2017) and Sukparangsi et al (2019) surveyed the diversity of barnacles in Thailand and revealed that the species composition of barnacles is different between the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Coral Sea ecoregions. This suggest that species diversity in these two ecoregions can be affected by present-day oceanographic currents or geological events.…”
The present study investigated the phylogeography of the intertidal barnacle Tetraclita in the Gulf of Thailand ecoregion (Sunda Shelf Province in the Pacific) and the Andaman Sea Coral Coast ecoregion (Andaman Province in the Indian Ocean) in Thailand’s waters. Tetraclita species were identified by a combined morphological and molecular approach using mitochondrial gene fragments (CO1 and 12S rRNA). Tetraclita singaporensis is a major occupiers on the Andaman coast but is sparse in the western Gulf of Thailand. Tetraclita squamosa inhabits almost all of our collection sites in the Gulf of Thailand but has a very low abundance in the Andaman Sea. Tetraclita kuroshioensis has two genetically distinct populations, one in the Andaman Sea and the other in the West Pacific region. S-DIVA analysis showed that the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of T. kuroshioensis was distributed in both the Andaman Sea and West Pacific region, with a relative probability of 63%; the analysis further identified two molecular subclades, one on each side of the Sunda Shelf by vicariance about 0.53 million years ago, far before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The MRCA of T. squamosa was based in the West Pacific region (relative probability: 90%), and dispersed into the Andaman Sea after the LGM. The MRCA of T. singaporensis was in the Andaman Sea (relative probability: 89.5%) and dispersed into the Gulf of Thailand via monsoonal currents through the Malacca Strait after the LGM. Presently, T. singaporensis is absent from the West Pacific region, further supporting its origin in the Andaman Sea. The distribution of intertidal barnacles in the Sunda Shelf and Andaman provinces is a result of the interplay between geological events and present day oceanographic currents.
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