Discourse analysis of Alzheimer's patients before and after intervention: Methodology and outcomes

Arkin, Sharon M.; Mahendra, Nidhi

doi:10.1080/02687040143000032

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The tasks were selected to elicit the five different discourse types described by Shadden (1995). (For a detailed discussion of the rationale for each component, see Arkin & Mahendra, 2001a 3. This was used to assess insight as well as discourse (Arkin & Mahendra, 2001b, in press).…”

Section: Discourse Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcripts were demarcated into utterances and coded, according to procedures previously described (Arkin & Mahendra, 2001a). Responses to each prompt were scored in terms of: (a) total utterances; (b) topic comments (complete, content-filled, non-ambiguous, ''non-empty'' statements relevant to the topic under discussion); (c) neutral utterances; (d) negative utterances (e.g., confabulations, repetitions, incomplete thoughts, meaning unclear statements); (e) total nouns; (f) different nouns; and (g) vague nouns (e.g., stuff, thing).…”

Section: Discourse Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ratios were computed to determine percentage of positive and negative utterances and different noun types relative to total utterances. High interand intra-scorer agreement (!80%) on utterance demarcation, classification, and noun counts was established after extensive training and discussion on instances of disagreement (see Arkin & Mahendra, 2001a for details).…”

Section: Discourse Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of four years of exercise, language, and social interventions on Alzheimer discourse

Mahendra

Arkin

2003

Journal of Communication Disorders

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This article describes a comprehensive cognitive-linguistic intervention program for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients that provided communication skills practice in the context of health-enhancing and esteem-building community-based activities: physical fitness training and supervised volunteer work. The interventions were administered by undergraduate students who completed academic work, received faculty supervision, and earned three credits for one semester of participation. Effects of the interventions on the discourse of four participants who completed all 4 years of the program are reported in detail. The maintained or improved performance on multiple discourse outcome measures provides powerful rationale for making such interventions more widely available and preliminary support for their effectiveness in preserving communicative function. An additional role for speech-language pathologists (SLPs)-as trainers and supervisors of non-professional rehab partners for persons with dementia-is proposed. Learning outcomes: From this article, participants will be able to (1) list specific language tasks that can be used to assess discourse in individuals with AD; (2) identify several cognitive-linguistic interventions appropriate for use with AD patients; and (3) understand how long-term cognitive-linguistic interventions may affect the language performance of individuals with AD. #

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Section: Discourse Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discourse Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discourse Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of four years of exercise, language, and social interventions on Alzheimer discourse

Mahendra

Arkin

2003

Journal of Communication Disorders

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“…Two examiners who were blind to treatment conditions (baseline, posttreatment, maintenance) analyzed each sample, first removing extraneous words and repairs using the rules of the Quantitative Production Analysis [31]. Transcriptions were then coded for the presence of several parameters, including (1) correct information units (CIUs) [30], which refer to words in the sample that are appropriate to the topic and informative to the context; (2) nouns, pronouns, and vague nouns [32]; that is, nominals that convey little concrete information (e.g., thing, kinds), and specific nouns, referring to substantive, concrete nouns. Discrepancies in coding were resolved by consensus through consultation with a third examiner.…”

Section: Standardized Aphasia Tests and Communication Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomia treatment platform as a behavioral engine for use in research on physiological adjuvants to neurorehabilitation

Kendall¹,

Raymer²,

Rose³

et al. 2014

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-The purpose of this study was to create a "behavioral treatment engine" for future use in research on physiological adjuvants in aphasia rehabilitation. We chose the behavioral target anomia, which is a feature displayed by many persons who have aphasia. Further, we wished to saturate the treatment approach with many strategies and cues that have been empirically reported to have a positive influence on aphasia outcome, with the goal being to optimize the potential for positive response in most participants. A single-subject multiple baseline design with replication across eight participants was employed. Four men and four women, with an average age of 62 yr and an average of 63.13 mo poststroke onset, served as participants. Word-retrieval treatment was administered 3 d/wk, 1 h/d for a total of 20 treatment hours (6-7 wk). Positive acquisition effects were evident in all eight participants (d effect size [ES] = 5.40). Treatment effects were maintained 3 mo after treatment termination for five participants (d ES = 2.94). Within and across semantic category, generalization was minimal (d ES = 0.43 within and 1.09 across). This study demonstrates that this behavioral treatment engine provides a solid platform on which to base future studies whereby various treatment conditions are manipulated and pharmacologic support is added.

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“…The clinical examination of discourse is used for the assessment of other cognitive-communication skills in healthy children and adults, as well as in persons with neurological impairments subsequent to traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebral vascular accident, and dementia (Arkin & Mahendra, 2001; Ash et al, 2006; Brookshire, Chapman, Song, & Levin, 2000; Coelho, 2007; Lehman Blake, 2006; Mar, 2004; McCabe and Bliss, 2006; Stemmer, 1999). Given that other discourse skills such as story retell and story generation are susceptible to impairment following brain injury, further consideration of factors that influence discourse abilities is warranted.…”

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confidence: 99%

Organizational Structure Reduces Processing Load in the Prefrontal Cortex During Discourse Processing of Written Text: Implications for High-Level Reading Issues After TBI

Cannizzaro

Dumas

Prelock

et al. 2012

Perspect Neurophysiol Neurogenic Speech Lang Disord

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Adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) can demonstrate marked difficulty producing discourse during story retell and story generation tasks. Changes in discourse production have been detailed in terms of fewer content units and infrequent use of story grammar elements essential for organization. One implication is that poor use of story grammar elements during discourse production may signal reduced ability to utilize these elements in other communication realms (e.g., reading comprehension). The neural architecture that supports discourse organization, primarily the medial prefrontal cortex, is particularly susceptible to damage secondary to acquired brain injury. In this event related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we describe cortical activation patterns of unimpaired readers as they are presented with discourse that is varied in terms of structural organization. The results suggest reading discourse with less structure is associated with increased cortical activity (e.g., higher processing demands) as compared to reading discourse with more traditional structural cues (e.g., story grammar). We discuss cortical areas implicated and potential implications for supporting discourse communication in persons following TBI.

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Discourse analysis of Alzheimer's patients before and after intervention: Methodology and outcomes

Cited by 31 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of four years of exercise, language, and social interventions on Alzheimer discourse

Effects of four years of exercise, language, and social interventions on Alzheimer discourse

Anomia treatment platform as a behavioral engine for use in research on physiological adjuvants to neurorehabilitation

Organizational Structure Reduces Processing Load in the Prefrontal Cortex During Discourse Processing of Written Text: Implications for High-Level Reading Issues After TBI

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