Disasters and Nurses’ Preparedness for Disasters in Turkey: Literature Review

Abstract

ÖZAfetler aniden oluştuğu için sağlık profesyonelleri özellikle hemşireler afetin tüm aşamalarına uygun yeterliliklerle hazırlanmalıdır. Bu anlamda hemşirelerin afetlere hazır olma durumlarının incelenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelerin afetlere hazır olma durumunu ele alan literatürü ve Türkiye'de yapılmış olan araştır-maları inceleyerek hemşirelerin afetlere hazır olma durumununa ilişkin mevcut bilgiyi ortaya koymak ve daha sonra yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutmaktır. Türkiye'de hemşirelerin afetlere hazır olma durumunu inceleyen çalışmaların çoğunlukla tanımlayıcı ve örneklemi kısıtlı araştırmalar olduğu saptanmıştır. Türkiye'deki çalışmaların 2010 yılından sonra yürütüldüğü ve öncesinde bu konuda araştırmanın pek yapılmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmalarda, hemşi-relerin afetlere hazır oluşluklarında temel yeterliliklerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiği, eğitim programlarına gereksinim duyulduğu ve eğitime katılmaya istekli olunduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye'de hemşirelerin afetlere yönelik eğitimlerinin yetersiz olduğu ve diğer ülkelerde yapılan çalışma sonuçlarına benzer şekilde Türkiye'de de hemşirelerin afetlere müdahale etmek için kendilerini hazır ve yeterli görmedikleri ortaya konmuştur. Diğer ülkelerle karşılaştırıldığında Türkiye'de bu konuda yapılan çalışmaların çok az olduğu ve konuyla ilgili daha fazla araştırmanın yapılması gerektiği belirtilebilir.Anahtar kelimeler: Afetler, afetlere hazırlık, afet hemşireliği, afet yönetimi, hemşirelik, hemşirelikte yönetim ABSTRACTSince disasters often strike without warning, healthcare providers, especially nurses must be prepared with appropriate competencies for disaster procedures. Nurses' preparedness for disasters need to be evaluated to aid in the creation of effective national plans and educational programs. The purpose of the study is to present the current situation and to provide a working perspective on nurses' preparedness for disasters. It has been determined that studies that examine nurses' preparedness for disasters in Turkey are mostly descriptive and their samples are limited. It was seen that the studies in Turkey were carried out after 2010 and there was no research on this subject before. Studies have shown that nurses' basic competencies for disaster preparedness need to be developed, they need training programs and are willing to participate. The study revealed that the training of nurses for disasters in Turkey is inadequate and the nurses do not see themselves prepared and sufficient to intervene in disasters. When compared to other countries, it is seen that the studies done on this subject in Turkey are very few and it is necessary to carry out further research on the subject.

Nurses’ disaster preparedness and core competencies in Turkey: a descriptive correlational design

“…Although international nursing organizations warn nurses to be prepared for disasters, as in many countries, nurses’ training for disasters in Turkey is inadequate (Rokkas et al. ; Taskiran & Baykal ) because, there is no standardized, accessible and continuous disaster education in the undergraduate curricula and hospitals. However, standardized disaster education will provide nurses to be well‐prepared and aid to in producing the positive results that all managers and politicians want.…”

“…The ICN emphasizes that, regardless of a specialized field (clinician, instructor, researcher or manager), each nurse should have optimal skills to plan and implement disaster care and preparedness (WHO et al 2009). In addition to the WHO, the ICN and other organizations, the role of nurses was also emphasized in other publications (Al Thobaity et al 2017;Kalanlar 2018;Park & Kim 2017;Taskiran & Baykal 2017;Usher et al 2015). Veenema et al (2016) also call all nurses to action for disaster preparedness.…”

“…In addition to the WHO, the ICN and other organizations, the role of nurses was also emphasized in other publications (Al Thobaity et al. ; Kalanlar ; Park & Kim ; Taskiran & Baykal ; Usher et al. ).…”

“…Many studies have been conducted in other countries on disaster preparedness of nurses, but only four studies exist in Turkey that address the themes of ‘nurse’ and ‘disaster’ together (Celik ; Kalanlar ; Ozcan ; Taskiran & Baykal ). There is currently no publication from Turkey on this issue in the international literature; therefore, this study aimed to determine whether the level of disaster preparedness of Turkish nurses compared to other countries has changed or not.…”

Nurses’ Willingness and Competence to Work During Disasters and Their Related Factors: Case Study of a State Hospital in Turkey

“…Therefore, willingness and competence are equally important. Even if they are sufficiently capable, nurses that are unwilling to work are likely to unable to efficiently response a disaster which shows the importance of determining the willingness and competence of nurses [17]. Despite the existence of studies that consider willingness and competence of nurses together [18,19,20,21], there is a need for these considerations to be made for a wider scale.…”