Disappearance of Sulphemoglobin from the Blood of T.N.T. Workers in Relation to the Dynamics of Red Cell Destruction

Jope, E. M.

doi:10.1136/oem.3.3.136

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Minor degrees of cyanosis due to methaemoglobinaemia have been observed quite frequently (von Oettingen, 1941;Roberts, 1941;Crawford, 1954;Hunter, 1969) and Jope (1946) reported one case of sulphaemoglobin formation.…”

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Haemolytic episode in G6 PD deficient workers exposed to TNT.

Djerassi¹,

Vitany²

1975

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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Haemolytic episode in G6 PD deficient workers exposed to TNT. This is a report on three cases of acute haemolytic disease in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6 PD) deficient workers exposed to trinitroluene (TNT). The courses of the haemolytic crises have several features in common, the most striking being the onset of the disease within two to four days after the start of exposure, and the fact that this has been the first and so far the only haemolytic episode in their lives in spite of detailed medical records of past diseases, injuries, and medications during 12 to 16 years preceding the haemolytic crisis and five to nine years following the disease.The lowest haemoglobin levels for the three patients were 4 0, 6-8, and 8-2 g/dl respectively; haematocrit values were 17 and 24 %; reticulocytes rose in case 1 to 26-2 %, in case 2 to 26%, and in case 3 to 10%.Indirect bilirubinaemia was increased in two patients (5-1 and 2-6 mg/100 ml) and stercobilinogen was as high as 2150 mg/24 hr in one patient. The presence of the metabolite monoamino 2-6 dinitrotoluene was proved in the urine of case 3 and reached 21 y %.The possibility of a dose-response relationship is briefly discussed and the risk of exposing G6 PD individuals in chemical processes is mentioned.The exposure of many thousands of workers to TNT, the most commonly used explosive since the first world war, has resulted in the extensive study of its toxicity (von

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Haemolytic episode in G6 PD deficient workers exposed to TNT.

Djerassi¹,

Vitany²

1975

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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“…The demonstration that the cholesterol of the mature human erythrocyte is renewed by exchange with cholesterol of the plasma is pertinent to the problem of ageing of the human erythrocyte. Several different techniques have established that the normal human erythrocyte survives for an average life span of about 120 days (3,5,17,18). In the course of some of these and related studies (3)(4)(5)(6)18), it has been shown that the hemoglobin of the mature circulating erythrocyte is not in the dynamic state, but rather that it remains with the erythrocyte until the cell is destroyed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several different techniques have established that the normal human erythrocyte survives for an average life span of about 120 days (3,5,17,18). In the course of some of these and related studies (3)(4)(5)(6)18), it has been shown that the hemoglobin of the mature circulating erythrocyte is not in the dynamic state, but rather that it remains with the erythrocyte until the cell is destroyed. The determination of the metabolic behavior of hemoglobin and of other constituents of the human erythrocyte in normal and in pathologic states may provide some clues to an understanding of the ageing process in this cell.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erythrocyte Metabolism. The Metabolic Behavior of the Cholesterol of Human Erythrocytes 1

London¹,

Schwarz²

1953

J. Clin. Invest.

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In the course of studies on the ageing process in the human erythrocyte, we have investigated the metabolic behavior of the cholesterol of the erythrocyte. This study was designed to determine whether the cholesterol of the human erythrocyte is in the dynamic state (2), or whether the cholesterol is incorporated into the newly formed erythrocyte and remains with the cell throughout the cell's life span, as does hemoglobin (3-6).A previous study (7) has shown that the cholesterol of the plasma is in the dynamic state. The rate of entry of cholesterol into the plasma of the circulating blood was measured by determining the rate at which deuterium is incorporated into the cholesterol of the plasma when an elevated concentration of deuterium in the body water is maintained at a steady level by repeated administration of deuterium oxide. In the studies described in this report, the same technique has been employed and the concentrations of deuterium in the cholesterol of the erythrocytes and of the plasma have been compared. Since the cholesterol of the plasma is in the dynamic state, the finding of a similar rate of turnover and a similar pattern of concentrations of deuterium in the cholesterol of the erythrocytes would favor the conclusion that the cholesterol of the erythrocytes is also in the dynamic state.The subjects of this study were a patient with the nephrotic syndrome and a patient with xanthomatosis tuberosum multiplex. A discussion of the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of hypercholesterolemia in these conditions is beyond the scope of this paper and will not be presented here. MATERIAL AND METHODSSubjects: 1) F. G., a 36 year old Negro woman, was studied during the nephrotic phase of chronic glomerulonephritis. Pertinent laboratory data included a red blood cell count of 3.5 million per cubic millimeter, hemoglobin of 10.0 Gm. per 100 ml. of blood, and venous hematocrit of 33 per cent; plasma total cholesterol 836 mg. per cent with 70 per cent of the total cholesterol esterified; erythrocyte total cholesterol 146 mg. per cent with 11 per cent of the total in the ester form and 89 per cent in the form of free cholesterol.2) M. T., a 21 year old white woman with xanthoma tuberosum multiplex, was essentially asymptomatic. Hematologic data included a red blood cell count of 4.2 million per cubic millimeter and a hemoglobin value of 13.0 Gm. per 100 ml. of blood. Plasma total cholesterol was found to range between 500 mg. per cent and 660 mg. per cent with 71 to 75 per cent of the total esterified. Erythrocyte total cholesterol was 132 mg. per cent with 95 per cent of the total in the form of free cholesterol and 5 per cent in ester form.Administration of deuterium oxide: 1) Subject F. G. drank 1000 ml. of 50 per cent D2O in four divided doses on the first day of the experiment and then received 60 to 65 ml. per day of approximately 30 per cent D20 for the next 112 days. On 11 occasions the daily dose was doubled in order to maintain the body water concentration of deuterium at a steady level. The co...

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“…results in a variable degree of anoxaemia. There may be a haemolysis of some of the red cells circulating in the blood stream; in other erythrocytes the haemoglobin may be destroyed in the cell; others are temporarily deprived of their oxygen-carrying capacity by the formation of methaemoglobin, and yet others suffer a permanent fixation of their pigment in the form of sulphaemoglobin (Jope, 1946). A slight degree of anaemia may persist for some weeks or months while the bone marrow maintains its capacity to restore the blood cells to their normal strength when absorption of T.N.T.…”

Section: Effects Of Tnt Upon the Blood And Bone Marrowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aplastic Anaemia Due to Trinitrotoluene Intoxication

Crawford¹

1954

BMJ

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Disappearance of Sulphemoglobin from the Blood of T.N.T. Workers in Relation to the Dynamics of Red Cell Destruction

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Haemolytic episode in G6 PD deficient workers exposed to TNT.

Haemolytic episode in G6 PD deficient workers exposed to TNT.

Erythrocyte Metabolism. The Metabolic Behavior of the Cholesterol of Human Erythrocytes 1

Aplastic Anaemia Due to Trinitrotoluene Intoxication

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