Disappearance of Cellulose and Hemicellulose from the Digestive Tracts of Children

Hummel, Frances Cope; Shepherd, Marion L.; Macy, Icie G.

doi:10.1093/jn/25.1.59

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Most of these organisms are saccharolytic that is they derive their energy primarily from carbohydrate and its derivatives [9]. The rate of degradation of cellulose/drug absorption in colon depends also upon particle size, the finer the particle the more readily digestible [10] and laxation rate (frequency of defecation), less cellulose being digested in subjects who had more frequent bowel actions [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies On Characterization Of Corn Cob Based Nanoparticles

2010

Adv. Mater. Lett.

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Corn cobs (central part of maize) are either treated as waste or burnt as fuel causing environmental concern. In order to achieve its value addition in new research areas, corn cob can be processed chemically to find ways to generate new end products with added values at very low price. Cellulose-based nanoparticles (CPNs) have an ability to remain intact in stomach environment and small intestine together with the presence of specific enzymes produced by cellulytic bacteria (ruminococus) for colon biodegradability and makes this biopolymer a suitable raw material for the biomedical field, particularly as a colon-specific drug carrier. Cellulose-based nanoparticles (CPNs) were prepared from corn cob raw material by treating it with sodium hydroxide in the range 0-24% of sodium hydroxide concentration, oven dry basis at 165 o C for 1.5 h at liquor to solid ratio of 4.5:1. The sample obtained at the optimised condition (18% NaOH concentration, oven dry basis of raw materials) was washed with deionised water, disintegrated and filtered through 80 mesh screens. Powder thus obtained was delignified by acidified sodium chlorite and dried in a vacuum oven to constant weight. Dried powder was further separated by 270 mesh screens. An average particle size approximately equal to 22 nm was obtained by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Its crystallinity, functional group and agglomerated particle size was determined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies On Characterization Of Corn Cob Based Nanoparticles

2010

Adv. Mater. Lett.

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“…The degree of lignification of plant cell material is also important, with highly lignified substances being degraded most slowly (Southgate et al 1976). Intestinal transit time also affects the digestibility of certain polymers including cellulose and hemicelluloses, with longer transits facilitating more extensive breakdown (Hummel et al 1943;Stephen et al 1987).…”

Section: Growth Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Activities of the Normal Colonic Flora

Macfarlane¹,

Gibson²

1994

Springer Series in Applied Biology

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“…The difficulties in determining these components were comprehensively reviewed in a recent paper by Selvendran et al (1979b). Because of the partial and variable digestibility of polysaccharidic fractions of the insoluble residue (Southgate et al, 1976;Hummel et al, 1943), testing for the validity of the results produced by feces analysis by comparing the ingested and excreted quantities was not possible. However, the totals given in Table 2 provided sufficient proof of this validity.…”

Section: Glc Analysis Of Neutral Sugarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Dietary Fiber in Feces of Rats Fed with Fiber Supplemented Diets

Rasper

Brillouet

Bertrand

et al. 1981

Journal of Food Science

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A procedure based on Southgate's fractionation scheme with subsequent calorimetric determination of monomeric constituents in the individual fractions was used for the analysis of feces of rats fed with diets supplemented with cereal bran or its fiber components. Prior to fractionation, dehydrated feces were extracted with chloroform:methanol (2: 1) mixture and hot 80% methanol and then subjected to treatment with both amylolytic (MERCK glucoamylase, 6O"C, 2 hr) and proteolytic (CALBIOCHEM pepsin, 4O"C, 48 hr) enzymes. Calorimetrically determined values of noncellulosic polysaccharides and cellulose (calculated as sums of hexoses, pentoses, and uranic acids) agreed satisfactorily with those determined by detergent fiber analysis. The sums of neutral sugars determined calorimetrically correlated closely with the values obtained by GLC analysis after Saeman's hydrolysis (2 hr with 72% (w/w) HzS04 at 20°C and 2 hr with 2N H2S04 at 100°C) of defatted samples. The GLC data were, however, consistently higher, especially those for hexoses; the difference was more pronounced with feces than with tested bran material. Confidence in the analysis was strengthened by the observation that the results of proximate and fiber analyses closely approached 100%.

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Disappearance of Cellulose and Hemicellulose from the Digestive Tracts of Children

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Studies On Characterization Of Corn Cob Based Nanoparticles

Studies On Characterization Of Corn Cob Based Nanoparticles

Metabolic Activities of the Normal Colonic Flora

Analysis of Dietary Fiber in Feces of Rats Fed with Fiber Supplemented Diets

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