Disaggregating nitrous oxide emission factors for ruminant urine and dung deposited onto pastoral soils

Weerden, Tony J. van der; Luo, Jiafa; Klein, Cecile A. M. de; Hoogendoorn, C. J.; Littlejohn, R. P.; Rys, G.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.007

Cited by 105 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The effect of urine on N 2 O emissions has been investigated using artificial urine (Anger et al, 2003;de Klein and van Logtestijn, 1994;Clough et al, 1996), in controlled laboratory conditions (Monaghan and Barraclough, 1993;van Groenigen et al, 2005a), on lysimeters (Selbie et al, 2014) and in field studies with real urine (Krol et al, 2015;Sordi et al, 2013;de Klein et al, 2003). The contribution of dung patches to N 2 O emissions have also been investigated (Flessa et al, 1996;Allen et al, 1996;Yamulki et al, 1998;van der Weerden et al, 2011;Sordi et al, 2013). Recent approaches have focused on generating 'disaggregated' emission factors for dung and urine (van der Weerden et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contribution of dung patches to N 2 O emissions have also been investigated (Flessa et al, 1996;Allen et al, 1996;Yamulki et al, 1998;van der Weerden et al, 2011;Sordi et al, 2013). Recent approaches have focused on generating 'disaggregated' emission factors for dung and urine (van der Weerden et al, 2011). However, there is a significant gap in our understanding of the interaction between fertiliser N, dung and urine in terms of N 2 O emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interactive effects of fertiliser nitrogen with dung and urine on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Hyde¹,

Forrestal²,

Jahangir³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interactive effects of fertiliser nitrogen with dung and urine on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Hyde¹,

Forrestal²,

Jahangir³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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“…The IPCC default EF for the application of synthetic fertiliser (EF 1 ) is 1% (IPCC, 2006); however, similarly to EF 3 , there is a large uncertainly around this figure. Current scientific efforts have focussed on establishing disaggregated EFs (van der Weerden et al, 2011), which means separate EF values for each source of N 2 O, i.e. animal excreta EF can be disaggregated (separated) between urine and dung.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is large uncertainty around this value and the IPCC encourages the use of country-specific (Tier 2) values where possible. Countries such as New Zealand have already refined the methodology (de Klein et al, 2003;van der Weerden et al, 2011), while the UK is currently in the process of obtaining higher-Tier EFs (Bell et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interactive effects of various nitrogen fertiliser formulations applied to urine patches on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Król

Minet

Forrestal

et al. 2017

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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Pasture-based livestock agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) nitrous oxide (N2O). Although a body of research is available on the effect of urine patch N or fertiliser N on N2O emissions, limited data is available on the effect of fertiliser N applied to patches of urinary N, which can cover up to a fifth of the yearly grazed area. This study investigated whether the sum of N2O emissions from urine and a range of N fertilisers, calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) or urea ± urease inhibitor ± nitrification inhibitor, applied alone (disaggregated and re-aggregated) approximated the N2O emission of urine and fertiliser N applied together (aggregated). Application of fertiliser to urine patches did not significantly increase either the cumulative yearly N2O emissions or the N2O emission factor in comparison to urine and fertiliser applied separately with the emissions re-aggregated. However, there was a consistent trend for approximately 20% underestimation of N2O loss generated from fertiliser and urine applied separately when compared to figures generated when urine and fertiliser were applied together. N2O emission factors from fertilisers were 0.02%, 0.06%, 0.17% and 0.25% from urea ± dicyandiamide (DCD), urea + N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) + DCD, urea + NBPT and urea, respectively, while the emission factor for urine alone was 0.33%. Calcium ammonium nitrate and urea did not interact differently with urine even when the urea included DCD. N2O losses could be reduced by switching from CAN to urea-based fertilisers.

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“…van der Weerden et al, 2011). In animal experiments, addition of a CT extract to the diet of sheep (Carulla et al, 2005) and dairy cattle (Grainger et al, 2009) Salt supplementation stimulates water intake and reduces urine-N concentration (Ledgard et al, 2007).…”

Section: Opportunities For Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to mitigate nitrous oxide emissions from herbivore production systems

Schils

Eriksen

Ledgard

et al. 2013

Animal

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Herbivores are a significant source of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. They account for a large share of manure-related N 2 O emissions, as well as soil-related N 2 O emissions through the use of grazing land, and land for feed and forage production. It is widely acknowledged that mitigation measures are necessary to avoid an increase in N 2 O emissions while meeting the growing global food demand. The production and emissions of N 2 O are closely linked to the efficiency of nitrogen (N) transfer between the major components of a livestock system, that is, animal, manure, soil and crop. Therefore, mitigation options in this paper have been structured along these N pathways. Mitigation technologies involving diet-based intervention include lowering the CP content or increasing the condensed tannin content of the diet. Animal-related mitigation options also include breeding for improved N conversion and high animal productivity. The main soil-based mitigation measures include efficient use of fertilizer and manure, including the use of nitrification inhibitors. In pasture-based systems with animal housing facilities, reducing grazing time is an effective option to reduce N 2 O losses. Crop-based options comprise breeding efforts for increased N-use efficiency and the use of pastures with N 2 -fixing clover. It is important to recognize that all N 2 O mitigation options affect the N and carbon cycles of livestock systems. Therefore, care should be taken that reductions in N 2 O emissions are not offset by unwanted increases in ammonia, methane or carbon dioxide emissions. Despite the abundant availability of mitigation options, implementation in practice is still lagging. Actual implementation will only follow after increased awareness among farmers and greenhouse gases targeted policies. So far, reductions in N 2 O emissions that have been achieved are mostly a positive side effect of other N-targeted policies.Keywords: farm level, greenhouse gases, herbivores, mitigation, nitrous oxide ImplicationsThe production of milk and meat contributes to global warming through the emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O). Mitigation measures in herbivore production systems are necessary to limit increasing emissions while meeting the growing demand for food. This review outlines the current opportunities for mitigation in all important areas of farm management. At present, there is a broad range of mitigation options available, for every type of farm. This review highlights that recent reductions in N 2 O emissions are mostly a side effect of other policies, targeted at increased nitrogen efficiency and feed conversion efficiency.

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Disaggregating nitrous oxide emission factors for ruminant urine and dung deposited onto pastoral soils

Cited by 105 publications

References 27 publications

The interactive effects of fertiliser nitrogen with dung and urine on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

The interactive effects of fertiliser nitrogen with dung and urine on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

The interactive effects of various nitrogen fertiliser formulations applied to urine patches on nitrous oxide emissions in grassland

Strategies to mitigate nitrous oxide emissions from herbivore production systems

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