Directional motion of brownian particles induced by a periodic asymmetric potential

Rousselet, J.; Salomé, Laurence; Ajdari, Armand; Prost, Jacques

doi:10.1038/370446a0

Cited by 624 publications

(483 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…10. Imagine a particle subject to a potential that varies periodically with time [314]. At each time period, an asymmetric potential U on is first applied during τ on .…”

Section: Ratchetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular transport driven by cytoskeletal motors: General mechanisms and defects

2015

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Cells are the elementary units of living organisms, which are able to carry out many vital functions. These functions rely on active processes on a microscopic scale. Therefore, they are strongly out-of-equilibrium systems, which are driven by continuous energy supply. The tasks that have to be performed in order to maintain the cell alive require transportation of various ingredients, some being small, others being large. Intracellular transport processes are able to induce concentration gradients and to carry objects to specific targets. These processes cannot be carried out only by diffusion, as cells may be crowded, and quite elongated on molecular scales. Therefore active transport has to be organized.The cytoskeleton, which is composed of three types of filaments (microtubules, actin and intermediate filaments), determines the shape of the cell, and plays a role in cell motion. It also serves as a road network for a special kind of vehicles, namely the cytoskeletal motors. These molecules can attach to a cytoskeletal filament, perform directed motion, possibly carrying along some cargo, and then detach.It is a central issue to understand how intracellular transport driven by molecular motors is regulated. The interest for this type of question was enhanced when it was discovered that intracellular transport breakdown is one of the signatures of some neuronal diseases like the Alzheimer.We give a survey of the current knowledge on microtubule based intracellular transport. Our review includes on the one hand an overview of biological facts, obtained from experiments, and on the other hand a presentation of some modeling attempts based on cellular automata. We present some background knowledge on the original and variants of the TASEP (Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process), before turning to more application oriented models. After addressing microtubule based transport in general, with a focus on in vitro experiments, and on cooperative effects in the transportation of large cargos by multiple motors, we concentrate on axonal transport, because of its relevance for neuronal diseases. Some important characteristics of axonal transport is that it takes place in a confined environment; Besides several types of motors are involved, that move in opposite directions. It is a challenge to understand how this bidirectional transport is organized. We review several features that could contribute to the efficiency of bidirectional transport in the axon, including in particular the role of motor-motor interactions and of the dynamics of the underlying microtubule network. Finally, we also discuss some open questions that may be relevant for future research in this field.

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“…10. Imagine a particle subject to a potential that varies periodically with time [314]. At each time period, an asymmetric potential U on is first applied during τ on .…”

Section: Ratchetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular transport driven by cytoskeletal motors: General mechanisms and defects

2015

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“…An example of closed-loop ratchet based on the flashing ratchet was proposed in [6] (see also [7]). This feedback flashing ratchet could be implemented experimentally by monitoring colloidal particles suspended in solution and by exposing the particles to a saw-tooth dielectric potential as in [9], but with the potential turned on and off depending on particles' state. The feedback ratchet of [6] has also been proposed as a mechanism to explain the stepping motion of a two-headed motor protein [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Information and flux in a feedback controlled Brownian ratchet

Cao

Feito

Touchette

2009

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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We study a feedback control version of the flashing Brownian ratchet, in which the application of the flashing potential depends on the state of the particles to be controlled. Taking the view that the ratchet acts as a Maxwell's demon, we study the relationship that exists between the performance of the demon as a rectifier of random motion and the amount of information gathered by the demon through measurements. In the context of a simple measurement model, we derive analytic expressions for the flux induced by the feedback ratchet when acting on one particle and a few particles, and compare these results with those obtained with its open-loop version, which operates without information. Our main finding is that the flux in the feedback case has an upper bound proportional to the square-root of the information. Our results provide a quantitative analysis of the value of information in feedback ratchets, as well as an effective description of imperfect or noisy feedback ratchets that are relevant for experimental applications.

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“…If the periodic potential with asymmetric local potential is turned on and off periodically, (Fig. 11 (a)), the Brownian particle would move in one direction [9]. An equivalent way to see this phenomena is to fix the periodic potential but let all the Brownian particles together approach to the potential and leave there quickly (Fig.…”

Section: Optical Game As Analogy Of Brownian Ratchets and Many Bomentioning

confidence: 99%

An optical model for implementing Parrondo’s game and designing stochastic game with long-term memory

2012

Chaos, Solitons & Fractals

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An optical model of classical photons propagating through array of many beam splitters is developed to give a physical analogy of Parrondo's game and Parrondo-Harmer-Abbott game. We showed both the two games are reasonable game without so-called game paradox and they are essentially the same. We designed the games with long-term memory on loop lattice and history-entangled game. The strong correlation between nearest two rounds of game can make the combination of two losing game win, lose or oscillate between win and loss. The periodic potential in Brownian ratchet is analogous to a long chain of beam splitters. The coupling between two neighboring potential wells is equivalent to two coupled beam splitters. This correspondence may help us to understand the anomalous motion of exceptional Brownian particles moving in the opposite direction to the majority. We designed the capital wave for a game by introducing correlations into independent capitals instead of sub-games. Playing entangled quantum states in many coupled classical games obey the same rules for manipulating quantum states in many body physics.

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Directional motion of brownian particles induced by a periodic asymmetric potential

Cited by 624 publications

References 5 publications

Intracellular transport driven by cytoskeletal motors: General mechanisms and defects

Intracellular transport driven by cytoskeletal motors: General mechanisms and defects

Information and flux in a feedback controlled Brownian ratchet

An optical model for implementing Parrondo’s game and designing stochastic game with long-term memory

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