Direct write dispenser printing of a zinc microbattery with an ionic liquid gel electrolyte

Ho, Coral; Evans, James W.; Wright, Paul K.

doi:10.1088/0960-1317/20/10/104009

Cited by 136 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These include thin-film, flexible and stretchable batteries and capacitors, fabricated by using a variety of methods. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Inks for electrode productions can be deposited over large areas using blade 24) and dip coating, 30) or over small areas by different techniques such as stencil, 32) dispenser and screen printing. 26,29,33) The aim of an electrode thickness between 20 and 60 µm is described as an acceptable range for power capability and mechanical stress tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed batteries and conductive patterns in technical textiles

Willert

Meuser

Baumann

2018

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Various applications of functional devices need a tailored and reliable supply of electrical energy. Batteries are electrochemical systems that deliver energy for functional devices and applications. Due to the common use, several rigid types of batteries have been standardized. To fully integrate the battery into a product that is bendable, free in geometry and less than 1 mm thick, printing of power adaptable batteries is a challenging area of research. Therefore, the well-known zinc-manganese system, which is very promising due to its environmental sustainability and its simplicity, has been used to manufacture battery solutions on a new kind of substrate: technical textiles. Another challenge is the deposition of conductive patterns. At present, embroidery with metallic yarn is the only possibility to provide conducting paths on technical textiles, a time-consuming and elaborate process. Screen printed conductive pathways will generate a new momentum in the manufacturing of conductivity on textiles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed batteries and conductive patterns in technical textiles

Willert

Meuser

Baumann

2018

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…A printable zincemanganese dioxide(MnO 2 ) microbattery was developed in previous research [21,28] for wireless sensor network applications, based on a novel ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (BMIM þ Tf-) gel electrolyte. It has been shown by Ho [21] that MnO 2 appeared to be an reversible intercalation host for zinc ions, and served as a good cathode material in a zinc-metal oxide battery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of MnO2 cathode inks for flexographically printed rechargeable zinc-based battery

Wang

Winslow

Madan

et al. 2014

Journal of Power Sources

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A flexographic printing method for battery fabrication was presented. Key criteria for developing functional flexographic inks were established. A variety of MnO 2 composite cathode inks were developed and analyzed. A PSBR based ink showed excellent printability and electrochemical performance. a b s t r a c tA novel roll-to-roll flexographic printing process for rechargeable zinc-based battery manufacturing was presented in this paper. Based on the fundamental operating mechanism of flexography, key criteria for developing functional flexographic printing inks were established, including composite ink rheology (steady-state viscosity and yield stress), ink wettability as well as ink dispersing qualities. A variety of MnO 2 cathode inks were developed and analyzed comprehensively based on these criteria. A novel type of aqueous cathode ink based on PSBR polymeric binder showed excellent flexographic printability as well as promising electrochemical performance.

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“…Similarly, Ho et al demonstrated both ink jet zinc-silver microbatteries and pneumatic dispenser-printed rechargeable Zn-MnO 2 cells. 6,7 In both cases, specialty inks were developed and deposited using direct write printing methods, which enabled unique electrode structures (such as 3D pillars) or multilayer monolithic battery stacks. Although these direct write AM methods show much promise, they currently have high manufacturing costs, slow processing times, trade-offs between power and energy density, and packaging challenges.…”

Section: D and 2d Battery Structures Fabricated By Ammentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Manufacturing: Rethinking Battery Design

Cobb

Ho²

2016

Interface magazine

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T wo major trends are changing the way batteries are designed. First, small portable electronic devices have steadily evolved toward compact and thin form factors while retaining high levels of device functionality. As a result of this trend, batteries have become an everincreasing fraction of the total device volume, as shown in Fig. 1. Second, the advent of truly manufacturable and scalable flexible electronics has lifted the dimensional limitations of device design. However, this has in turn introduced new design complexities for integration, processing, and reliability. Connecting and integrating a battery, which oftentimes is the largest component in an electronic device, poses complex manufacturing, cost, and reliability issues. These technology progressions have motivated a shift in energy storage design and manufacturing to accommodate novel materials, new device geometries, and non-traditional fabrication methods. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a suite of manufacturing processes that is currently changing the way we design and manufacture products.1 AM technology will lead to a revolution in the way energy storage components are designed, integrated, and utilized in electronic devices. In this article we focus on recent advances in additive manufacturing for batteries and highlight current and future research directions for battery design, manufacturing, and integration for small, portable, and wearable electronics. Conventional Large-scale Battery ManufacturingAdvances in batteries are following typical process scale and efficiency trajectories. Batteries, such as the lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells found in smartphones, typically contain four main elements: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a liquid electrolyte, and polymer-based separators. Focusing on the anode and cathode, traditional fabrication methods use ink-like materials (referred to as slurries) to form the electrode films. The slurries are formed by mixing electrode materials and conductive additives with binders for adhesion. This slurry is then spread onto a foil in a slot die or blade coating machine.Slot die or blade coating is the standard method for depositing battery electrodes in industry. In this process, a slot die head or blade is set a fixed distance from a current collector substrate. In large-scale production, the substrate moves, the head/ blade is fixed, and material is continuously injected onto the moving foil and is evenly distributed over the current collector. The head/blade typically resides about 5-200 µm above the current collector substrate where smaller gap distances may result in imperfect applied films after drying, and larger operating gaps may result in uneven surfaces. The final thickness of the dried electrode depends on the concentration, morphology, viscosity, and surface chemistry of the ink or slurry. This coating process has been used successfully at scale for many years to fabricate battery electrodes, however, there is no inherent capability to pattern shapes or nonrectilinear features into this e...

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Direct write dispenser printing of a zinc microbattery with an ionic liquid gel electrolyte

Cited by 136 publications

References 44 publications

Printed batteries and conductive patterns in technical textiles

Printed batteries and conductive patterns in technical textiles

Development of MnO2 cathode inks for flexographically printed rechargeable zinc-based battery

Additive Manufacturing: Rethinking Battery Design

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