Direct spincasting of polystyrene thin films onto poly(methyl methacrylate)

Ennis, D.A.; Betz, Heike; Ade, Harald

doi:10.1002/polb.20976

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These multilayer films consist of a few to thousands of layers and each layer thickness can go down to the nanometer scale. Other methods to produce multilayer nanostructures at much smaller scale are: layering spin-coated films on top of each other [5,6] or layer-by-layer assembly [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PMMA/PS bilayer system of spun cast thin films on a Si substrate has received considerable attention due to the fact that most of the properties of both polymers are well characterized [26e29]. PMMA/PS systems have been also widely used as model system for the investigations, among others, of interfacial width measurements, block copolymer morphology, antireflection coatings, physical blendings, and reactive compatibilization [6]. The physics related to the dewetting of bilayered or multilayered systems is far more complicated than the one applying to the above mentioned liquid-solid case.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the multilayered nanostructure and thermal stability of PMMA/PS amorphous films

Ania

Calleja

Henning

et al. 2010

Polymer

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a b s t r a c tThe nanolayered structure of a forced-assembly of two immiscible amorphous polymers, prepared by layer-multiplying coextrusion, is analyzed for the first time by means of USAXS. The experimental long spacings for the series of PMMA/PS films studied show a good correlation with the nominal periodicity values of the stacks. In addition, the long spacings, derived from a localized area in AFM, are also in good agreement with the USAXS values averaged over much larger areas. The structural variation, after thermal treatment, of two samples with nominal periodicities of 174 and 215 nm is reported. In the range RT-140 C, the nanolayered structure is mostly well preserved as evidenced by AFM. However, the absence of USAXS maxima after annealing at temperatures included in the above range has been tentatively explained by interfacial coarsening and spinodal dewetting occurring between the forcedassembled polymer layers. Above 140 C, the interfacially driven break-up of the layers ends up with the final disappearance of the multilayered structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the multilayered nanostructure and thermal stability of PMMA/PS amorphous films

Ania

Calleja

Henning

et al. 2010

Polymer

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“…In the SC method, a PS film was spin-coated on the PMMA bottom layer from 2 wt% solution of a selective solvent for PS. We employed 1-chloropentane as a selective solvent, which is reported to dissolve PS but not to dissolve PMMA [5] . PS/PMMA bilayers with a clear interference color were obtained and dried under vacuum at room temperature for 24 hours.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-enhanced Adhesion at Interface in Immiscible Bilayer Film of Polystyrene and Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Harada

Koga

Fukumori

et al. 2014

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. From nano-scratch tests, strong interfacial adhesion has been found for polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bilayer films prepared by a water floating (WF) method, while a PS layer on a PMMA film produced by a spin coating (SC) method peels off easily at the interface. Neutron reflectivity measurements demonstrated a clear difference in the interfacial width (σ) between the two bilayers; σ = 9 nm for the film obtained by the WF method, whereas σ = 5 nm for that by the SC method. Plasticization of the films by water would be responsible for broadening of the interface to enhance adhesion strength. IntroductionControl of interfacial toughness between two kinds of polymers is one of the most important targets in research and development of coatings and blends. To understand the mechanical properties of the interfaces between polymers, the interfacial structure was investigated and the correlation between the width of the interfaces and the energy of adhesion was clarified for polymer bilayers [1,2]. The origin of the interfacial strength was interpreted with an entanglement model of polymer chains that the interface energy is governed by the number density of the entanglement points per the interface area [3]. Therefore, the adhesion strength between polymer films increases by thickening of the mixed layer at the interface, and above a critical thickness cohesive failure could occur in the films.The interfacial thickness of immiscible polymers for annealed bilayers are dominated by the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter and the Kuhn segment length. However, most of interfaces between polymers in practice are far from equilibrium. Here, we focus on the effect of coating process, where some small molecules mediate the formation of the interface. Bilayer films consisting of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are employed, since the interface between PS and PMMA is well understood system in equilibrium [4].For investigation of the interfacial width between immisible polymers, neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements have been a powerful tool. However, the samples must be thin films on very flat substrates. Although the energy of adhesion has been studied macroscopically by various experimental techniques, the mechanical properties for thin films can be analyzed by nano-scratch (NS) tests. By combining the NR measurements and the NS tests, structure and strength of interfaces are evaluated for the same bilayer films.

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“…We selected cyclohexane, a perfect orthogonal solvent of PMMA, 26,27 and chloroform, a common solvent for P3HT, to prepare a mixed solvent for P3HT. Cyclohexane is also a bad solvent for P3HT, while chloroform is a good solvent for PMMA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface studies of well-controlled polymer bilayers and field-effect transistors prepared by a mixed-solvent method

Zhang

Lou

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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The properties of semiconductor/dielectric interfaces are crucial to the performance of polymer fieldeffect transistors. The key to fabricating high-performance polymer transistors by spin-coating is solving solvent corrosion issues, wherein the solvent of the top polymer produces a rough interface or damage on the underlying polymer layer during deposition. Herein, we propose a mixed-solvent method that employs a mixture of an orthogonal solvent of the underlying polymer and a good solvent of the top polymer as the solvent of the top polymer to prepare polymer bilayers and produce a comparative study of the trap density at the semiconductor/dielectric interface of the corresponding transistor. By changing the ratio of orthogonal solvent to good solvent, namely the degree of orthogonality of the mixed solvent with respect to the underlying polymer, the interface and film qualities of polymer bilayers can be well controlled. We applied this method to spin-coat poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) with a mixture of cyclohexane (orthogonal solvent) and chloroform (good solvent). The results of morphology characterizations and electrical property studies indicate the optimal ratio of cyclohexane to chloroform for preparing high-quality P3HT/PMMA bilayers for fieldeffect conduction is 7 : 3. Transistors based on the optimal bilayers with a bottom-gate/top-contact configuration and a long channel length show good performance. The trap density at the P3HT/PMMA interface is evaluated to be 3.6 Â 10 12 cm À2 eV À1 from the subthreshold swing, characterizing the distribution of the interface trap levels across the bandgap in P3HT. Furthermore, based on deviations from ideality in the capacitance-voltage characteristics of the metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitor in the device, the traps at the interface are found to be acceptor-type, with the trap density determined to be 2.3 Â 10 11 cm À2. This value is in a good agreement with that estimated from the subthreshold swing.

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Direct spincasting of polystyrene thin films onto poly(methyl methacrylate)

Cited by 31 publications

References 44 publications

Study of the multilayered nanostructure and thermal stability of PMMA/PS amorphous films

Study of the multilayered nanostructure and thermal stability of PMMA/PS amorphous films

Water-enhanced Adhesion at Interface in Immiscible Bilayer Film of Polystyrene and Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Interface studies of well-controlled polymer bilayers and field-effect transistors prepared by a mixed-solvent method

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