Direct observation of Hardy's paradox by joint weak measurement with an entangled photon pair

Yokota, Kazuhiro; Yamamoto, Takashi; Koashi, Masato; Imoto, Nobuyuki

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/11/3/033011

Cited by 263 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Recently, physicists performed a weak measurement and confirmed that the theoretically predicted and measured weak values showed good agreement [18].…”

Section: T Ih T T T T Ih T T Tmentioning

confidence: 77%

Einstein Dilemma and Two-State Vector Formalism

Morita

2015

JQIS

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In the famous EPR paper published in 1935, Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen suggested a thought experiment, which later became known as the "EPR experiment". Using the EPR experiment, they posited that quantum mechanics was incomplete. Einstein, however, was dissatisfied with the EPR paper and published a second work on the EPR experiment, in which he discussed the dilemma of choosing whether quantum mechanics was incomplete or nonlocal. Currently, most physicists choose the nonlocality of quantum mechanics over Einstein's choice of the incompleteness of quantum mechanics. However, with an appropriate alternate hypothesis, both of these choices can be rejected. Herein, I demonstrate an approach to overcome the Einstein Dilemma by proposing a new interpretation invoked by a new formalism of quantum mechanics known as two-state vector formalism.

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“…Recently, physicists performed a weak measurement and confirmed that the theoretically predicted and measured weak values showed good agreement [18].…”

Section: T Ih T T T T Ih T T Tmentioning

confidence: 77%

Einstein Dilemma and Two-State Vector Formalism

Morita

2015

JQIS

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“…Weak value has a nature of being a complex number, which lead the weak measurements to provide an ideal method to examine some fundamentals of quantum physics. Quantum paradoxes (Hardy's paradox [17][18][19] and the three-box paradox [20]), quantum correlation and quantum dynamics [21][22][23][24][25][26], quantum state tomography [27][28][29][30][31][32], violation of the generalized Leggett-Garg inequalities [33][34][35][36][37][38] and violation of the initial Heisenberg measurement-disturbance relationship [39,40] are just few examples. In these typ-ical examples, the small effects have been amplified due to the benefit of weak values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of nonclassical pointer states in postselected weak measurements

et al. 2015

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We investigate, within the weak measurement theory, the advantages of non-classical pointer states over semi-classical ones for coherent, squeezed vacuum, and Schröinger cat states. These states are utilized as pointer state for the system operatorÂ with propertyÂ 2 =Î, whereÎ represents the identity operator. We calculate the ratio between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of non-postselected and postselected weak measurements. The latter is used to find the quantum Fisher information for the above pointer states. The average shifts for those pointer states with arbitrary interaction strength are investigated in detail. One key result is that we find the postselected weak measurement scheme for non-classical pointer states to be superior to semi-classical ones. This can improve the precision of measurement process.

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“…It is easy to notice that (11) is a sum, with coefficients given by 1 2 N i i i T  , which is a product of the following integrals:…”

Section: Generalized Bell Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Whether the CPT Symmetry Can Be Almighty Even in a Photon

Nagata¹,

Nakamura²

2015

OALib

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As a trial, though thinking of general concepts, of our scientific challenge, we consider whether the Charge-Parity-Time (CPT) symmetry can be almighty even in a photon. This is the main aim of this paper. In what follows, we discuss our argumentations dividing the conjecture into two parts. Rotational invariance of physical laws is an accepted principle in Newton's theory. We show that it leads to an additional constraint on local realistic theories with mixture of ten-particle GreenbergerHorne-Zeilinger state. This new constraint rules out such theories even in some situations in which standard Bell inequalities allow for explicit construction of such theories. This says new hypothesis to the number of ten. Next, it turns out Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory has contradictions. Further, the von Neumann's theory has a contradiction by using ±1. We solve the problem of von Neumann's theory while escaping from all contradictions made by Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory, simultaneously. We assume that the results of measurements are 1 2 ± . We assume that only E 1 2 = and E 1 2 = − are possible. This situation meets a structure made by Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice. We result in the fact that it may be kept to perform the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm even in the macroscopic scale because zero does not exist in this case. Our analysis agrees with recent experimental report.

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Direct observation of Hardy's paradox by joint weak measurement with an entangled photon pair

Cited by 263 publications

References 25 publications

Einstein Dilemma and Two-State Vector Formalism

Einstein Dilemma and Two-State Vector Formalism

Advantages of nonclassical pointer states in postselected weak measurements

Whether the CPT Symmetry Can Be Almighty Even in a Photon

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