PrefaceThe purpose of this SpringerBrief is to review heat transfer in layers of convective fluid. Six different configurations are considered-three that are versions of Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection, which is driven by differential heating at the boundaries, and three that are driven by uniform internal heating. The essential features of all six models are derived mathematically. The experimental literature is reviewed in depth for the models of internally heated (IH) convection, which are much less studied than their RB counterparts. Experiments on RB convection are treated in less depth, as they have been thoroughly reviewed elsewhere.Along with placing the various convective models within a conceptual framework that brings out their similarities, we give some minor results not published elsewhere. For instance, a few of the linear instability and energy stability thresholds given in tables 2.2 and 2.3 either have not been reported before or have been reported with less precision. One of the bounds proven in §2.3 is also new, as are the visualizations of simulations included as figure 1.2.Chapter 1 provides background and then defines the six configurations under study, the governing equations of our models, and their basic features. Chapter 2 presents results that can be derived mathematically from the governing equations: linear and nonlinear stability thresholds of static states, along with proven bounds on mean temperatures and heat fluxes. For the IH cases only, chapter 3 gives a quantitative survey of heat transport in both laboratory experiments and numerical simulations, followed by suggestions for future work.