Direct measurement of nitric oxide in human beings

Vallance, Patrick; Patton, Stephen R.; Bhagat, K; MacAllister, RJ; Radomski, Marek W.; Moncada, Salvador; Maliński, Tadeusz

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91211-8

Cited by 156 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The difference in the agoniststimulated increase in plasma NO concentration between their report and this study may be attributed to the following factors. In their study (44), ACh was infused anterogradely into the hand vein at 10-15 mm proximal to the end of the catheter to which the sensor was inserted. Because of the relatively short distance between the injection site and the measuring site, NO scavenging and trapping effects by hemoglobin and other blood components were much less than that in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of bioavailability of nitric oxide in coronary circulation by direct measurement of plasma nitric oxide concentration

Neishi

Mochizuki²,

Miyasaka³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although bioavailability of NO in the coronary circulation is commonly evaluated by acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasodilation, a change in plasma NO concentration and its relation to the flow response after injection of ACh are still unknown. Thus, we directly measured the concentration of NO in the coronary sinus by using a catheter-type NO sensor for coronary sinus. An NO-sensitive sensor was located and fixed in a 4-Fr catheter with a soft tip for protection of vascular wall. After calibration with an NO-saturated pure water, the catheter-type NO sensor was located in the coronary sinus in anesthetized dogs. The coronary flow velocity (CFV) was measured with a Doppler guide wire. Intracoronary injection of ACh (0.4 and 1.0 g͞kg) increased plasma NO concentration in a dose-dependent manner (3-10 nM). Although ACh increased CFV by 95%, there was no significant difference between the two ACh doses. After ACh, the peak value of plasma NO concentration was observed significantly later than CFV. N G -methyl-L-arginine (NO synthase inhibitor) decreased basal NO concentration by 3 nM and suppressed the ACh-induced NO synthesis with no significant change in average peak velocity. We conclude that production of NO in the coronary circulation can be evaluated in the coronary sinus. Although ACh increases both CFV and NO concentration, CFV dose not reflect NO concentration in terms of magnitude and time course. Direct measurement of plasma NO concentration by the catheter-type NO sensor is useful to evaluate bioavailability of NO in the coronary circulation.nitric oxide synthase ͉ nitric oxide-selective sensor ͉ acetylcholine ͉ coronary blood flow ͉ endothelial function N itric oxide (NO) released by endothelial cells is formed from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (1). NO release is augmented by mechanical stimulation such as shear stress (2-6), pulsatile flow (7, 8), and axial strain (9). Such mechanical stresses, which are produced by the periodic myocardial contraction and relaxation, directly influence the coronary blood vessels, acting as an overwhelmingly dominant factor of the coronary blood flow regulation (10-12). Under the stimulatory influences by the mechanical stresses, coronary endothelial cells produce NO on a beat-to-beat basis (13). In the coronary circulation, endothelium-derived NO plays fundamental roles in the regulation of blood flow, exerting a tonic vasodilator influence at rest and with increasing myocardial metabolism (14).However, bioavailability of NO is diminished in the subjects with a wide range of cardiac risk factors and pathologic conditions, such as aging, gender, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, hyperhomocystinemia, heart failure, infections, and polymorphisms of the endothelial NOS (15-23). Importantly, endothelial dysfunction, characterized by decreased bioavailability of NO, is a predictor of cardiovascular risk and outcome (24-28).Several techniques have been used to evaluate the endothelial function or bioavailability of NO (29). Coronary en...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of bioavailability of nitric oxide in coronary circulation by direct measurement of plasma nitric oxide concentration

Neishi

Mochizuki²,

Miyasaka³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Preliminary kinetic studies on the lipoxygenase-nitric oxide interaction indicated a Kd for the formation of the lipoxygenase-NO complex of about 2.5 gM. Although no reliable data on intracellular NO concentrations are available, measurements of its extracellular steady-state concentration suggest [2,25] that gM concentration may well be reached at the site of NO synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide oxidises a ferrous mammalian lipoxygenase to a pre‐activated ferric species

et al. 1996

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Nitric oxide is known as an inhibitor of soybean lipoxygenase-1. Investigating the interaction of a mammalian 15-lipoxygenase with nitric oxide, we found that this enzyme is also inhibited reversibly when incubated with nitric oxide for a short time period (5 s) under anaerobic conditions. This inhibition may be due to the formation of a dissociable lipoxygenase-nitric oxide complex. With longer incubation periods the ferrous lipoxygenase is oxidised to a ferric form. This oxidation renders the enzyme more susceptible to peroxide activation, causing a timedependent shortening of the kinetic lag phase.

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“…The Nafion coating was essential in the probe development since it is negatively charged and allows NO to pass through the coating while blocking the passage of nitrite and nitrate, two main downstream components of NO, to the sensor [71]. Shortly thereafter, Malinski's lab showed the ability of an electrochemical probe to detect NO within the vasculature of a living human and demonstrated dose dependent changes with their system [72].…”

Section: Electrochemical Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide Sensors for Biological Applications

2018

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Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential signaling molecule within biological systems and is believed to be involved in numerous diseases. As a result of NO's high reaction rate, the detection of the concentration of NO, let alone the presence or absence of the molecule, is extremely difficult. Researchers have developed multiple assays and probes in an attempt to quantify NO within biological solutions, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. This review highlights many of the current NO sensors, from those that are commercially available to the newest sensors being optimized in research labs, to assist in the understanding and utilization of NO sensors in biological fields.

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Direct measurement of nitric oxide in human beings

Cited by 156 publications

References 7 publications

Evaluation of bioavailability of nitric oxide in coronary circulation by direct measurement of plasma nitric oxide concentration

Evaluation of bioavailability of nitric oxide in coronary circulation by direct measurement of plasma nitric oxide concentration

Nitric oxide oxidises a ferrous mammalian lipoxygenase to a pre‐activated ferric species

Nitric Oxide Sensors for Biological Applications

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