Direct laser writing

Anscombe, Nadya

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2009.250

Cited by 96 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…17 In order to create three-dimensional compound parabolic concentrator structures which redirect transmitted light, a Nanoscribe photonic professional two-photon lithography system was used. 18 The lithography system focuses an expanded 785 nm laser beam to a diffraction-limited spot at a point where it catalyzes a chemical change in a photoresist (IP-L). This allows the user to write a single voxel instead of a column, allowing three-dimensional structures to be written.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microphotonic parabolic light directors fabricated by two-photon lithography

Atwater

Spinelli

Kosten

et al. 2011

Applied Physics Letters

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We have fabricated microphotonic parabolic light directors using two-photon lithography, thin-film processing, and aperture formation by focused ion beam lithography. Optical transmission measurements through upright parabolic directors 22 μm high and 10 μm in diameter exhibit strong beam directivity with a beam divergence of 5.6°, in reasonable agreement with ray-tracing and full-field electromagnetic simulations. The results indicate the suitability of microphotonic parabolic light directors for producing collimated beams for applications in advanced solar cell and light-emitting diode designs.

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confidence: 99%

Microphotonic parabolic light directors fabricated by two-photon lithography

Atwater

Spinelli

Kosten

et al. 2011

Applied Physics Letters

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“…[30] Today, more and more, 2PP becomes the dominant field of invention because of the versatility of the process to build 3D structures of almost any desired complexity and material. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] The most frequently used materials are radicalic reacting (meth-)acrylic negative-tone resists: organically modified ceramics (ORMO-CER, [39][40][41] commercial acrylic monomers, [42] elastic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), [43,44] hydrogel materials [poly-(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) and acrylamide], [45][46][47] and chitosan containing resins. [48] Cationic polymerizable epoxides (e.g., SU-8) in combination with photo acid generators (PAGs) [49] and positive type resists [50,51] have been applied in 2PP as well.…”

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confidence: 99%

Two‐Photon Polymerization of Biocompatible Photopolymers for Microstructured 3D Biointerfaces

et al. 2011

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Three‐dimensional microstructured scaffolds provide a means for cells to be cultured in vitro in a way that resembles natural conditions more closely than flat tissue culture polystyrene. In the presented work, two‐photon polymerization (2PP) is applied as a tool for the engineering of high‐resolution 3D scaffold structures with a well defined microarchitecture made of biocompatible photo resins. 2PP is a novel photolithographic technique using femtosecond laser pulses which enables free 3D microstructuring of liquid photo resins due to the relationship of the axial and lateral spatial confinement of the photoreaction to the focal volume of a focused laser beam. A set of photo resins were tested with regard to 2PP processability and three different classes of methacrylated photopolymerizable monomers (methacrylated oligolactones, urethane dimethacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate)) were found to be efficient 2PP materials. 3D microstructures based on computer models were produced and tested for biocompatibility. The initial cell adhesion and the viability of bovine chondrocytes on the polymeric scaffolds were evaluated morphologically by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) after three‐day culture on 2PP derived microstructures. 2PP derived scaffolds were fabricated in different sizes and geometries, starting from the 100 µm‐range reaching out to the cm‐range showing the actual possibilities to produce large volume scaffolds even for implantation purposes.

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“…New concepts are constantly explored, involving surface plasmons [1], plasmonic metasurfaces [2], or novel birefringent designs [3], and offer solutions to polarization control in a broad range of frequencies from visible up to terahertz. Among them, recent developments in three-dimensional sub-micron-resolution two-photon laser photolithography (direct laser writing) techniques [4,5], combined with electrochemical metal deposition on a positive resist molds led to spectacular demonstration of high-aspect-ratio helical spring-like all metal structures [6]. These were verified to perform as transmission broadband circular polarizers, covering one octave in the mid-infrared between 3.2 and 6.4 μm.…”

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confidence: 99%

Light polarization management via reflection from arrays of sub-wavelength metallic twisted bands

et al. 2017

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With constant progress of nano-and microfabrication technologies, photolithography in particular, a number of sub-wavelength metallic structures have been demonstrated that can be used to manipulate light polarization. Numerical simulations of light propagation hint that helical twisted bands can have interesting polarization properties. We use three-dimensional two-photon photolithography (direct laser writing) to fabricate a few-micrometer-thick arrays of twisted bands and coat them uniformly with metal. We demonstrate that circular polarization can be generated from linear polarization upon reflection from such structures over a broad range of frequencies in the mid infrared.

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Direct laser writing

Cited by 96 publications

References 0 publications

Microphotonic parabolic light directors fabricated by two-photon lithography

Microphotonic parabolic light directors fabricated by two-photon lithography

Two‐Photon Polymerization of Biocompatible Photopolymers for Microstructured 3D Biointerfaces

Light polarization management via reflection from arrays of sub-wavelength metallic twisted bands

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