Direct inlet probe – High-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry as fast technique for the chemical description of complex high-boiling samples

Effect of Atmospheric Aging on Soot Particle Toxicity in Lung Cell Models at the Air–Liquid Interface: Differential Toxicological Impacts of Biogenic and Anthropogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOAs)

“…2007 ). The chemical SOA composition was investigated with two complementary MS techniques from particles collected on filters as described above: Direct inlet probe–high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (DIP-HRTOFMS; Pegasus GC-HRT 4D; LECO) ( Käfer et al. 2019 ) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography ( )–TOFMS; Pegasus BT 4D ; LECO) with thermal desorption (TD).…”

Exploring Complex Mixtures by Cyclic Ion Mobility High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry: Application Toward Petroleum

“…For unambiguous elemental composition assignment in petroleum analysis considering m / z <800 and purely CHNOS as elements, generally, a mass accuracy below 0.5 ppm and a resolving power above 500 000 at m / z 400 can be given as benchmarks. − HRTOF systems have typically 1 order of magnitude lower resolving power and about a factor of 3–5 worse mass accuracy but come near these benchmarks to directly address highly complex mixtures . Thus, narrow mass splits, such as O/CH 4 36.4 mDa, N/ 13 CH 8.2 mDa, and 13 C 2 /C 2 H 2 8.9 mDa, can be differentiated with HRTOF-technology and allow valid elemental composition attribution, essential for correct data interpretation. , Limitations are still given by specific cases, such as the C 3 /SH 4 3.4 mDa split frequently found in fossil fuel analysis …”

“…20 Thus, narrow mass splits, such as O/CH 4 36.4 mDa, N/ 13 CH 8.2 mDa, and 13 C 2 / C 2 H 2 8.9 mDa, can be differentiated with HRTOF-technology and allow valid elemental composition attribution, essential for correct data interpretation. 21,22 Limitations are still given by specific cases, such as the C 3 /SH 4 3.4 mDa split frequently found in fossil fuel analysis. 23 T h i s c o n t e n t i s Direct infusion remains the most widely used sample introduction in petroleomics.…”

Comprehensive analysis of multiple asphaltene fractions combining statistical analyses and novel visualization tools

“…Inhibition of treatment processes, including desulfurization, may be attributed to basic nitrogen-containing species and aromatic compounds [14,15]. As the large stable aromatic cores of asphaltenes are capable of stabilizing charge through delocalization [16], and terminating free radical reactions through recombination and disproportionation [17], they may also present an impediment in some desulfurization processes, particularly where transformation of cooccurring refractory aromatic sulfur compounds is required [15]. Solvent extraction in n-heptane is commonly used for asphaltene fractionation [10], and Soxhlet extraction is routinely used to obtain hydrophobic components, including petroleumrelated substances, from soil [18,19]; such techniques may be utilised in order to study the n-alkane insoluble compounds, including asphaltenes, isolated from whole oils.…”

“…The asphaltene fractions were then analysed using (+) APPI-FTICR MS and IRMPD fragmentation. Principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses (PCA and HCA), used widely for fingerprinting petroleum-related samples [15,16,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50], were performed on asphaltene fragment data. The location of variables relative to the circle of correlations in a PCA loadings plot are used to determine heteroatom class groups which contribute most significantly to the differences between samples [51], allowing the molecular-level features that are common in HFOs exhibiting problematic behaviour to be determined.…”