Direct Injection Systems for Otto Engines

Achleitner, Erwin; Bäcker, H.; Funaioli, A.

doi:10.4271/2007-01-1416

Cited by 51 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…7 shows the variation of volumetric efficiency with SOI timing at KLSA. The charge cooling effect of EDI on suppressing engine knock is realized mainly through reducing fresh charge temperature [24]. The charge density is also affected by the reduced temperature during this process which may ultimately influence volumetric efficiency.…”

Section: Elsevier_jfue_8212mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For late injection, the cooling effect due to fuel evaporation can be well preserved, leading to a lower knocking tendency. However, the mixture quality may be reduced and the combustion may be deteriorated due to less time for forming homogeneous mixture [24,25]. The volatility of ethanol is higher than that of gasoline when the temperature is over 410 K due to its single component [20].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of direct injection timing of ethanol fuel on engine knock and lean burn in a port injection gasoline engine

Zhuang

Hong

2014

Fuel

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Improving engine efficiency and reducing its emissions are the major tasks of recent development in internal combustion technology [1]. This is driven by the society concerns about the global warming and the depletion in supply of fossil fuels. One of the feasible short-to-midterm solutions for addressing the concerns is to use renewable fuels such as ethanol. Many countries and areas have enacted legislations [2] or incentive policies to promote the use of ethanol and other bio/renewable fuels [3,4]. The use of ethanol and other bio/renewable fuels has brought new challenges to automotive sector to develop new technologies. Ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) is one of the new technologies in recent development.Previous studies on SI engines found that using ethanol fuel could help to reduce unburned emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) [5][6][7], enhance engine anti-knock ability [8,9], and improve lean burn performance [10,11]. In the current applications, ethanol is externally blended with gasoline at a specific ratio. The applications of this method decreased pollutant emissions and increased engine efficiency in certain engine conditions [12,13]. However, the vehicles may face problems of reduced vehicle coverage, difficult cold start [14], corrosion and reduced lubrication [15]. Moreover, due to the fixed ethanol/gasoline ratio, the ethanol's potential in reducing engine emissions and improving thermal efficiency cannot be fully exploited. Research has already shown that the optimal ethanol/gasoline ratio for maximizing engine efficiency and minimizing emissions was varied with the engine operation condition [6,7]. EDI + GPI dual-fuel injection, on the other hand, provides an opportunity to solve the problems and meet the requirements. It offers greater flexibility of using ethanol fuel because the ethanol and gasoline mixing ratio can be instantly altered according to the engine operation Effects of direct injection timing of ethanol fuel on engine knock and lean burn in a port injection gasoline engine AbstractEthanol is a promising alternative fuel for internal combustion engines due to its renewable feature. To make the use of ethanol fuel more effective and efficient, ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) has been investigated in recent years. By directly injecting ethanol into the engine, the advantages of ethanol fuel such as high latent heat of vaporization, fast laminar flame speed, wide flammability and better low temperature combustion stability can be well utilized to enhance engine anti-knock ability and improve lean burn performance. For an engine equipped with direct injection (DI) system, start of injection (SOI) timing is an important control parameter which directly affects the engine performance. This paper reports the investigation to the effect of ethanol fuel SOI timing on knock mitigation and lean burn. Experiments were conducted on a 250 cc single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine equipped with EDI ...

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Section: Elsevier_jfue_8212mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Effects of direct injection timing of ethanol fuel on engine knock and lean burn in a port injection gasoline engine

Zhuang

Hong

2014

Fuel

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“…The tests on the processes of fuel injection delay were conducted with the use of piezoelectric injectors utilized in SI and CI engines, parameters of which are presented, respectively, in Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1 Technical specification of piezoelectric outward-opening gasoline injector [Achleitner, Bäcker, Funaioli 2007…”

Section: Tested Objects and Their Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of injectors reaction on the external signals in direct injection systems

Skowron

Pielecha

2016

JMTE

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The aim of the research was to assess the external signals of fuel injection by piezoelectric injectors of engines fueled with gasoline and diesel fuel. The assessment focused on the delay analysis of fuel injection start in relation to the time of appropriate control signals occured. The research on these relations was conducted with the use of the system for analysing fast-varying processes and high speed camera HSS 5 by LaVision installed in the test stand with constant-volume chamber. The tests were conducted for different injectors with direct injection of liquid fuels under variable conditions: different fuel pressure, air backpressure and injection time. The paper correlates the electric parameters activating injector operation with parameters of actual fuel injection. For this purpose the digital processing of images was applied enabling actual times determination of fuel injection initiation. Essential differences between the activation time of fuel injection and its actual occurrence were pointed out.

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“…More in details, for spark ignition engines, the CR system is useful to reduce the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption and to improve the driving dynamics Achleitner et al (2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An MRAC Approach for Tracking and Ripple Attenuation of the Common Rail Pressure for GDI Engines

Montanaro

Gaeta

Giglio

2011

IFAC Proceedings Volumes

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Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) spark ignition engines equipped with the Common Rail (CR) system strongly improve engine performance in terms of fuel consumption and pollutant emission reduction. As a drawback the fuel pressure in the rail has to be kept as constant as possible to the demanded pressure working set-points in order to achieve the advantages promised by this technology. In this work a Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) algorithm based on the Minimal Control Synthesis (MCS) strategy is proposed to reduce the residual pressure in the rail. Numerical results based on a CR mean value model, previously proposed in the literature and experimentally validated, show that a very satisfactory attenuation of the pressure ripple as well as pressure tracking are attained in different working conditions. A quantitative comparison with a classical gain scheduling model-based control approach confirms furthermore the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control strategy.

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Direct Injection Systems for Otto Engines

Cited by 51 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of direct injection timing of ethanol fuel on engine knock and lean burn in a port injection gasoline engine

Effects of direct injection timing of ethanol fuel on engine knock and lean burn in a port injection gasoline engine

Analysis of injectors reaction on the external signals in direct injection systems

An MRAC Approach for Tracking and Ripple Attenuation of the Common Rail Pressure for GDI Engines

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