Direct IBE fermentation from mandarin orange wastes by combination of Clostridium cellulovorans and Clostridium beijerinckii

Abstract

For a resolution of reducing carbon dioxide emission and increasing food production to respond to the growth of global population, production of biofuels from non-edible biomass is urgently required. Abundant orange wastes, such as peel and strained lees, are produced as by-product of orange juice, which is available non-edible biomass. However, d-limonene included in citrus fruits often inhibits yeast growth and makes the ethanol fermentation difficult. This study demonstrated that isopropanol-butanol-ethanol fermentation ability of Clostridium beijerinckii and cellulosic biomass degrading ability of C. cellulovorans were cultivated under several concentrations of limonene. As a result, C. cellulovorans was able to grow even in the medium containing 0.05% limonene (v/v) and degraded 85% of total sugar from mandarin peel and strained lees without any pretreatments. More interestingly, C. beijerinckii produced 0.046 g butanol per 1 g of dried strained lees in the culture supernatant together with C. cellulovorans.

Clostridium sp. as Bio-Catalyst for Fuels and Chemicals Production in a Biorefinery Context

“…The cellulosome converts cellulose to cellobiose and cellodextrins, being then incorporated and metabolized, generating other metabolites [75,76]. A genetically engineered strain was able to produce 8.5 times more ethanol from crystalline cellulose than wild-type cells (Table 1) [77]. It had its genome sequenced in 2010 after being isolated from wood chips [78].…”

4-chlorophenol removal by air lift packed bed bioreactor and its modeling by kinetics and numerical model (artificial neural network)

“…This compound causes some environmental and health hazards and problems, including carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, corrosion, irritation of the skin and eyes, throat, nose, respiratory and other problems which are noted 4 , 9 . Moreover, in the classification of the European Water Pollution Control Committee due to high environmental hazards, these compounds are ranked 38 to 43 among toxic pollutants 2 , 10 , 11 . Besides, this compound can accumulate, therefore, it is difficult to degrade in the environment due to their high stability 7 , 12 .…”

Valorization of Vegetable Food Waste and By-Products Through Fermentation Processes

“…However, physiological concentration of D-limonene does not inhibit the growth of these two Clostridium strains. This allows the production of biofuels from this specific fruit waste, thanks to the isopropanol-butanol-ethanol fermentation ability of C. beijerinckii and the cellulosic biomass degrading ability of C. cellulovorans (Tomita et al, 2019).…”

“…With regard to microbial cultures assayed ( Figure 1C), fermentations using Clostridium, B. subtilis, combination of B. coagulans and L. johnsonii, Pleurotus sapidus, A. niger, and A. oryzae showed the highest differences in their reactive conditions. Of all the studies compared, fermentations with mixed cultures of C. beijerinckii NCIMB8052 and C. cellulovorans 743B to reduce sugar content (−85%) in citrus by-products (Tomita et al, 2019) were carried out with the lowest substrate concentration (1%) at prolonged reaction times (384 h). Similarly, vegetable wastes predominantly fermented by Clostridium kluyveri to obtain caproate were carried out at the highest reaction times in a two-step process comprising 80 h and 70 days (Yu et al, 2019).…”